Essay Instructions: Training and Development: Evolution of the Design
Training and Development involves the systematic process of designing, delivering and evaluating materials to improve individual team and organizational effectiveness. Training and Development encompasses many methods, theories and models, all of which will generally fall under three main categories. 1) needs assessment and the learning environment (individual, group and organizational), 2) evaluation methods, and 3) instructional approaches.
A more specific overview of the subcategories of training design include: Understanding the training context, the systematic approach to training ? aligning training with strategy, conducting a Training Needs Analysis (TNA); evaluating the learning environment ? considering instructional approaches, learning outcomes, motivational, learning and performance theories; understanding training design ?developing objectives, understanding design theory, facilitating learning ? training skills; utilizing appropriate training methods ? lectures, games and simulations, on-the-job training (OJT), computer-based training methods; developing and implementing training ? addressing the transfer of training; evaluating training ? understanding procedures, use of experimental designs, internal and external validity of training.
The general purpose of this discussion is to provide you with a useful framework to examine the evolution of training and development, consider the changes in the variance of the training population, as well as changes in the training topics, theories and methods of addressing training needs.
In your discussion, address the following subjects:
Complete a comparison and contrast of training and development across two eras. What are the differences between eras? How has the subject or areas of training evolved over the years? Do you see any trends in training, either in topics or methods or ways of evaluation of success? Please provide specific examples that provide a clear explanation or demonstration of the concepts discussed. Write your discussion in at least 300 words with a minimum of two research articles.
Readings
Textbooks: https://secure.coursesmart.com/login
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Pass: Rigelq93
1. Textbook:
Koppes, L. (Ed) (2007). Historical perspectives in industrial and organizational psychology. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Chapter 8: A History of Psychology Applied to Employee Selection
Chapter 9: A History of Job Analysis
Chapter 10: A Historical View of Human Factors in the United States
Chapter 12: The Expanding Role of Workplace Training: Themes and Trends Influencing Training Research and Practice
2. Articles:
Ruona, W. & Gibson, S. (2004). The making of twenty-first-century HR: An analysis of the convergence of HRM, HRD, and OD. Human resource Management, 43(1),
49-66. (EBSCOhost Accession Number: AN 2004-13928-011).
Salas, E. & Cannon-Bowers, J. (2001). The science of training: A decade of progress. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 471. (EBSCOhost Accession Number: AN
4445612).
Recommended Readings
1. Articles:
Brown, J. (2002). Training needs assessment: A must for developing an effective training program. Public Personnel Management, 31(4), 569. (EBSCOhost Accession
Number: AN 9004432).
Cascio, W. (1995). Whither industrial and organizational psychology in a changing world of work? American Psychologist, 50(11), 928-939. (EBSCOhost Accession
Number: AN amp-50-11-928).
Cascio, W. & Aguinis, H. (2008). Research in industrial and organizational psychology from 1963 to 2007: Changes, choices, and trends. Journal of Applied
Psychology, 93(5), 1062-1081. (EBSCOhost Accession Number: AN apl-93-5-1062).
Dipboye, R., Gaugler, B., Hayes, T., & Parker, D. (2001). The validity of unstructured panel interviews: More than meets the eye? Journal of Business & Psychology,
16(1), 35-50. (EBSCOhost Accession Number: AN 12495421).
Furnham, A., Dissou, G., Sloan, P., & Chamorro-Premuzic, T. (2007). Personality and intelligence in business people: A study of two personality and two intelligence
measures. Journal of Business & Psychology, 22(1), 99-109. (EBSCOhost Accession Number: AN 26290227).
Harris, E. & Fleming, D. (2007). Examining employee--service personality congruence: The role of the five-factor model and influences on job outcomes. Services
Marketing (EBSCOhost Accession Number: AN 24824160).
Moskowitz, M. (1977). Hugo M?nsterberg: A study in the history of applied psychology. American Psychologist, 32(10), 824-842. (EBSCOhost Accession Number:
AN amp-32-10-824).
Newman, D. & Lyon, J. (2009). Recruitment efforts to reduce adverse impact: Targeted recruiting for personality, cognitive ability, and diversity. Journal of Applied
Psychology, 94(2), 298-317. (EBSCOhost Accession Number: AN apl-94-2-298).
Recommended Websites
Academy of Management: www.aomonline.org
The Academy of Management (the Academy; AOM) is a leading professional association for scholars dedicated to creating and disseminating knowledge about
management and organizations.
American Management Association: www.amanet.org
American Management Association (AMA), and its international affiliates, is an organization that provides training solutions for individuals, teams, organizations and
government agencies. This website offers seminars, webcasts, podcasts, articles and white papers, live and online training sessions. Visit this website for a review of
their comprehensive portfolio of twenty-one training subject areas.
American Psychological Association: www.apa.org
The American Psychological Association (APA) is a scientific and professional organization that represents psychology in the United States. With 150,000 members,
APA is the largest association of psychologists worldwide. Visit this website to explore issues relating psychological topics, publications, the psychology help center,
news and events, research, education, careers and membership.
American Society of Training and Development: www.astd.org
American Society of Training and Development (ASTD). ASTD is the world?s largest professional association dedicated to the Training and Development field. Visit this
website for ASTD conference and events, social networking, certifications, career management, research and publications, learning circuits and education programs.
Bureau of Labor Statistics: Occupational Employment Statistics: http://www.bls.gov/OES/
The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) program produces employment and wage estimates for over 800 occupations. These are estimates of the number of
people employed in certain occupations, and estimates of the wages paid to them. Self-employed persons are not included in the estimates. These estimates are
available for the nation as a whole, for individual States, and for metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas; national occupational estimates for specific industries are
also available.
Organization Development Network: www.odnetwork.org
The Organization Development Network is an international professional association of organization development practitioners. Our members come from all 50 states of
the USA, Canada, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and around the world. Some are external consultants; others work within their organizations to promote healthy change. They
may specialize in such areas as human resources, training, leadership or talent development, change management, strategic planning, and a broad range of initiatives
designed to make organizations more effective.
Society of Industrial and Organizational Psychology: www.SIOP.org.
Society of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP), a division of APA, is a membership organization that provides invaluable and reliable resources for
professionals, students and educators. Visit this website for information about membership, meetings and conferences, services, publications, jobs, and learning
resources.
Society for Human Resource Management: www.shrm.org
Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) is an organization geared to assist individuals in the Human Resource profession. Visit this website for information
on HR disciplines, certificates and certifications, awards and scholarships, HR jobs, legal issues, templates and tools, publications, research, education, conferences,
communities and advocacy.
