Essay Instructions: POSITION PAPER: For this type of paper, you set out and argue for your own view on a particular issue. Two main types apply here: 1) a position paper setting out your view on a particular topic such as abortion or animal rights 2) a position paper setting out your view on a particular issue, such as whether it can ever be morally right to kill an innocent, with respect to more than one of the course topics, e.g. abortion and animal rights.
In case 2), it?s particularly important that you show that your own view is not inconsistent across topics. (For instance, someone might argue that if abortion is wrong because it involves ending the life of an innocent, killing animals for food is also wrong for the same reason. If you disagree, a big part of your paper would then be to argue for relevant differences between the two types of scenario.)
For both types of position paper, your discussion should take into account relevant points from the set readings, and possible objections to your own view and the arguments you use to support it should be raised and answered. If you are writing a type 2 position paper, it is generally recommended that you limit your discussion to two topics, for reasons of space (word limits).
ESSAY STRUCTURING FRAMEWORK ? ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY
INTRODUCTION: this generally should not be longer than a paragraph, and should state clearly what you will be arguing for, and (briefly) why. Include any limitations you will be setting on the topic, and a brief justification for these limitations. (E.g. Suppose you are writing about an applied ethics topic like abortion or euthanasia and only want to consider the Canadian legal/political context for space reasons: state this here, and why.)
MAIN BODY OF ESSAY:
Introduce the essay topic, definitions of relevant key terms, and relevant context (only as much as helpful) ? again, about one paragraph is usually enough.
Outline how your own argument will proceed: what are your main points, in what order will they appear, which others? views will you be arguing for/against, and where do they fit into your discussion? (about one paragraph)
Most basic way of structuring:
Point/argument number 1 in favour of your conclusion (including e.g. examples)
Possible objections (from readings, or hypothetical opponents, or both)
Response to objections
Point/argument number 2 in favour of your conclusion (including e.g. examples)
Possible objections (from readings, or hypothetical opponents, or both)
Response to objections
Point/argument number 3 in favour of your conclusion (including e.g. examples)
Possible objections (from readings, or hypothetical opponents, or both)
Response to objections
It is often useful to make it explicit which of your points you take to be most important to your overall argument, and why.
Also, it?s usually good to make explicit how your different points are related to each other. (Which is most important? Do any of them depend on each other, or on some shared background assumption?)
Use paragraph breaks ? and, if useful, section headings ? to make the structure of your discussion as clear as possible
CONCLUSION: this generally should not be longer than a paragraph, and should summarize the argument before. Do not introduce new points here ? these should go in the main body of the essay. If there are points that could not be discussed in this essay, briefly mention them right at the end here, after summarizing your argument above, and say that these are topics for further exploration.
Topic: AFFIRMATIVE ACTION(you don't need the readings but could use it for info)
READINGS: Louis Pojman: ?Against affirmative action?
Luke Charles Harris and Uma Narayan: ?Affirmative action as equalizing opportunity?