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Essay Instructions: Insulin is an essential hormone for glucose metabolism. It is secreted by the islet cells in the pancreas. Diabetes mellitus represents a group of endemic diseases, some autoimmune in nature and others related to lifestyle and a genetic predilection. All types of diabetes mellitus are manifested by a defect in carbohydrate metabolism requiring drug therapy. ?What is the mechanism of action of insulin and what are the differences in insulin therapy for Type I and Type II diabetes mellitus?
?What is an incretin and how is it currently utilized for drug therapy in diabetes mellitus?
?Metformin is a biguanide used for Type II diabetes mellitus. What is the mechanism of action? What are the indications and contraindications? Why does metformin not cause hypoglycemia? What is a potentially deadly adverse effect of biguanide therapy and how can this be avoided?
? Sulfonylureas are some of the first oral drugs used for Type II diabetes. Currently the second generation of these drugs are preferred over the older ones. What is the mechanism of action of sulfonylureas? What are the side effects and precautions? Can these drugs be used with other classes of oral agents?
Justify your answers using examples and reasoning.

The thyroid gland is responsible for the production of the thyroid hormones. ?Summarize the biosynthesis of the thyroid hormones.
?What are the different roles of T3 and T4?
?How does the presentation of thyroid hyperfunction differ from hypofunction?
?How a patient receiving thyroid hormone replacement therapy should be monitored?
Justify your answers using examples and reasoning.

Essay Instructions: write a 4 page summery of the following article which i will be sending to you."Changes in iron measures over menopause and associations with insulin resistance." by Catherine Kim MD MPH.

Please precise ans accurate in doing the summery make the paper flow from paragraph to paragraph. from introduction to conclusion.
There are faxes for this order.

Essay Instructions: In recent years, there have been many research studies conducted regarding the use of orgal diabetic agents (such as Glyburide and Metformin) versus the use of insulin in the treatment of gestational diabetes and potentially Type II pregestational diabetes. Research this topic using professional journals and determine a position on this topic. Write a brief one page; double spaced) position paper based on the research findings. Please use APA format when citing sources.

Essay Instructions: From syllabus: One exercise in written expression is required, five to seven pages in length. This involves researching a topic related to hormonal influences on behavior. It must be presented in the APA format, 5th edition. In addition to a well-developed research paper (one assumes that if one is taking a Senior level class, that one is familiar with research- ahem!) with an introduction, body, and conclusion, five sources are required. One may be your textbook but two must be primary sources from refereed journals. Web sites do not count for this. References are worth 40 points, but 10 will be deducted if the primary sources are not apparent. Each additional reference is worth 3 points of Extra Credit, providing that they are presented according to the APA format and are not from your textbook! The final paper is 300 points, with points deducted for grammar errors, lack of clarity or APA citation flaws. Sadly, as is standard academic policy, please note that plagiarism may result in an F for the course! It is important to remember that ANY information that is not SPECIFICALLY and EXCLUSIVELY personal knowledge must be referenced. This means that even though you know something well from your academic experience, you MUST include a citation for it as this was not information that you, yourself, discovered first hand. Citations for sources are generally included at the beginning and end of paragraphs, at least. Also, please remember that if your are citing sources found in the text or another source, the ONLY citation included in the Reference List is the original one. If the citation seems questionable, please do not be surprised if I ask your for the originals of the research materials you used for the paper.


This is how I would like the paper to be...

1. A history of the disease...when it was discovered, who discovered it (i.e. the hormone insulin)
2. Describe, discuss the symptoms and why they happen (only type 1 diabetes please)
3. Describe, discuss the treatments...and how a person with diabetes should live so they are healthy and have a long life...i.e. what do they experts say?
4. Current/Near future diabetes research
5. Any cures on the horizon, i.e. islet cell transplants or pancrease transplants.


I would like at least 1 of the 2 refereed journals to be on islet cell replacement. Please try to use mostly refereed journals as sources. The only websites that would be ok to use are American Diabetes Association or similar, as long as they are .org cites. In addition, I need copies of ALL sources for my records, since she reserves the right to see proof.

I have the following hardbooks at home that may be helpful (anything that is not an electronic source I need the original to):

American Diabetes Association Complete Guide to Diabetes, 3rd Edition (2002)

The Diabetes Sourcebook
Diana W. Guthrie and Richard A. Guthrie (1990)

Any source that is not electronic, please e mail me the title and author as well as the publication date so I can try to check it out at the library here.

If there are any more questions, please don't hesitate to call me. Thank you