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Essay Instructions: Consequentialism and Nonconsequentialism

Two primary categories of ethics theory that apply in the public sector are consequentialism and nonconsequentialism. The solution for every ethical dilemma can fall into one category or the other, defined further by the subcategories that arise from the various theorists that wrote about each school of thought.

For this assignment, write a 3 page paper in which you analyze the consequential and nonconsequential theory bases that apply to your chosen ethical dilemma (will upload ethical dilemma). If any do not apply, explain why. Determine what this means for the practice of public administration today and into the future. Include the text as one source (Ethics Theory & Practice by Thiroux & Kraseman, 2012), and at least five other peer-reviewed sources to support your contentions.


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Essay Instructions: Alejandro Escareno, 69, was the father of a police officer in the city of Fresno, California. On December 17, 2000, while he was walking home from a bus stop in the early evening, he was attacked and robbed by a several young men who left their severely injured victim in the street. Escareno was found by police at 5:45 p.m., and died from his injuries a few hours later at University Medical Center.

What was first thought to be an act of retaliation against Escareno's son turned out to be something quite different. According to investigators, the elder Escareno was attacked by Raheem Rashad Muhammad and three younger relatives, who struck the elderly man, and, once he was on the ground, repeatedly kicked him as they picked through his pockets. Their only motivation seems to have been robbery.

What makes this case particularly disturbing is the ages of the four males accused of the crime. Muhammad is 18, and his three relatives (whose names have not been released) were only 12, 10, and 9 years old. Fresno's chief juvenile prosecutor, T. Worthington Vogel, told reporters that these were the youngest murder defendants in the recent history of Fresno County. In his 28 years in the juvenile justice system of Fresno County, Vogel couldn't recall another instance of anyone 12 or younger being charged with murder.

The D.A. has declined to prosecute the youngest of the four; Muhammad will be prosecuted as an adult. California law requires that defendants under 14 be tried as juveniles, and prohibits the prosecution of those under 7 on criminal charges.

If convicted, the 10 and 12 year olds face a maximum penalty of imprisonment in a juvenile facility until their 25th birthdays.



Questions to address in your paper:

The four individuals accused of this crime face very different punishments: Muhammad, if convicted, might go to prison for a long period of time; the 10 and 12 year olds, if found responsible, will spend shorter periods in a juvenile facility; the 9 year old does not face prosecution at all. Can this disparity in potential penalties be justified using the retributive theory of punishment? (That is, do these individuals deserve different amounts of punishment, if they are guilty?) Explain your answer.

Give your own view: if convicted, what penalty would be appropriate for each of the three defendants in the Fresno case? Does your answer agree or disagree with what the retributive theory of punishment would require? If so, why? If not, what other ethical theory might support your disagreement?

The paper is written using theories and terms from chapter 7 Reward and Punhishment in the book Ethics Theory and Practice Tenth Edition by Jacques P. Thiroux and Keith W. Krasemann.

Essay Instructions: Create a Mind Map of ethical theories please include the following:
Nature of Morality
Consequentialist (Teleological) Theory of Morality
Non-Consequentialist (Deontological) Theories of Morality
Virtue Ethics Theory
Absolutism Relatism
Rewards/punishments
Theories of Determinism

In about 5 pages analyze the three to four specific theory bases that you believe will help you the most in finding a solution to your ethical dilemma.
Illustrate the meaning of professional integrity.
Think critically and communicate effectively to explain personal and professional leadership in the public sector.
Describe and evaluate the ethical approach you will take to resolve your dilemma.
Reflect on the ways in which the ethical dilemmas described in this class have caused you to think differently about the field of public administration and role within it.
Total of 7 pages

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Essay Instructions: This is a paper against the use of supplements in sports. The paper should describe how society deals with this issue and explain moral theories and moral implications on this issue. Explain why this stand on this issue is morally defensible under "The Golden Rule" principle(Life, Goodness, Justice, Honesty, and Freedom).

* one source can be: eigth edition,Ethics Theory and practice, Jacques P. Thiroux.

*Also include an outline page.