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Essay Instructions: This is a Research Method class. I had several assignments regarding this work and this assignment is going to complete what I have done. The Topic is Cancer Research in Texas. I will send to you the instruction of this assignment with the last version of the work.
There are faxes for this order.

Essay Instructions: Hi;
I am taking a class where we have a discussion area for the topics we're are getting covered. This class is 8 weeks, each week we will have 8 different discussions and I need your help please. The discussions normally are about one paragraph or so, depending on what they talk about. We have to submit 3 different discussions on 3 different days but all three concerning the same topic. For example, this week I have 2 discussions on 2 topics, so I need you to write me 3 discussions for each topic, a total of 6 discussions. But the 3 have to vary in information, should not be similar.


Topic 1:(need 3 different discussions so I could submit in 3 different days)

(1)Technology As Compared To Science: provide definitions for technology and science that clearly distinguish them from one another, and (2) using the example of cancer research and treatment, discuss what aspects "belong" to technology and to science.


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Topic 2: (also need 3 different discussions for 3 different days)

Technology's Role in Shaping History:
The Industrial Revolution generated more new technologies than any other time period in history. These new technologies changed the way in which people worked and lived; in other words, they shaped history at that time and into the future.


Our second topic is focused upon the rise of cities during the Industrial Revolution, describe how technology actually contributed to the growth of cities during this time period, a new concept in comparison to the common living on farms.


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Please try to do the 6 discussion on your own words because thats what the instructor wants. I'll look forward to see what you came up with. Thanks.

Essay Instructions: Personal Statement: Describe how your academic achievements, personal interests and life experiences have helped prepare you to succeed academically and to be an active member of the UC community. (Please limited your response to approximately 250 words.)

Facts about myself:
Sports: Soccer-Freshman Year
Extra circular: New Albany High School Eagle Ambassador 2003-2005.
Desire to be in the medical field but GPA too low:
2003 summer camp at Mt. Carmel West Hospital (pediatrics), 2004 & 2005 volunteer for Hope Street Kids (pediatric cancer research foundation), 2005 volunteer at St.Ann's Hospital, 2006 Senior Seminar project on Hope Street Kids (offered internship in Washington DC with Hope Street Kids corporate offices), 2006/2007 accepted to the Explorer Program at Mt. Carmel East Hospital.

I spent most of my 5th grade school year in the hospital, having 5 surgeries and diagnois with early stages chrones disease. Within that year I grew very fond of the hospital and the staff helping me. I saw many very ill children with cancer and wish I could have done something to help. This life experience has always stayed with me through high school and realize that I want to pursue a career in the medical field and perhaps cancer research.

Essay Instructions: Instructions
Prostate Cancer

According to the CDC’s 2004-2005 fact sheet, they expect there to be 230,110 new cases of prostate cancer diagnosed in 2004. Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men. Skin cancer is number one. It is also the second leading cause of cancer deaths in men (lung cancer is number one).
The prostate is a small organ (about the size of a golf ball) of the male reproductive system. It is responsible for the creation and secretion of fluids that make up a portion of semen. It is located inferior to the bladder and directly anterior to the rectum (see fig. 1).
A portion of the urethra passes thru it.
Cancer is the abnormal and sometimes uncontrolled growth of cells. Most cells tightly regulate when and how frequently they undergo mitosis. Most cells can also detect when they have a genetic abnormality and will self destruct if the abnormality is unrepairable. Cancer cells lack the ability to control mitosis or self destruct in the presence of genetic abnormalities.
For prostate cancer, there is an abnormal growth of epithelial cells that line the ducts of the prostate. Many of the symptoms associated with prostate cancer involve urination. Urination may been painful, bloody, difficult, or frequent during night time. For most men, prostate cancer may be present and they will not have any symptoms until the cancer has already grown. The majority of men diagnosed with prostate cancer are above the age of 70.
There are two types of tests used to try and identify prostate cancer. The first test designed to identify prostate cancer examines the prostate by manually feeling the prostate thru the rectum (DRE). Since the prostate lies directly anterior to the rectum, any size change or malformation may be detected. A more recently designed test, the PSA (prostate specific antigen) tests the blood for an antigen created by a cancerous prostate. The prognosis for prostate cancer depends on how early it is detected and its aggressiveness. If it is detected early it will have a better prognosis than later. Also more aggressive forms will be much harder to deal with. Prostate cancer is capable of reaching stage 4 and infecting nearby organs and lymph nodes.
Research to date on prostate cancer leads researchers to believe that it is a multi-chromosomal disorder. The first chromosome to be identified with prostate cancer was chromosome #1. More recently chromosome #7 has also been identified to be involved in prostate cancer. Like most cancers, there is more than just a genetic component. Current numbers show that genes only account for about 10 percent of all prostate cancers. Other factors such as life style and diet are also important factors. Having the faulty genes only appears to be a pre-disposition to the disease rather than a simple cause.
The portion of chromosome one that has been identified is often referred to as HPC1 (human prostate cancer 1). It is believed that this chromosomal anomaly is responsible for interfering with the cells ability correctly control cellular division. In contrast, the anomaly on chromosome 7 is believed to deactivate the cells self destruct mechanism. Since the affected genes only predispose a person to the disease, research has been focused on treatment and early screening rather than patterns of inheritance. Some researchers from the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research center found that the anomaly on chromosome 7 was passed on more frequently than would be expected by chance inheritance.
As is the case of most cancers, inheritance of the defective genes does not guarantee that the subject will get the cancer. The genes merely predispose or increase the likely hood of the disease. For prostate cancer, the disease does not usually appear until the later stages of life. As a result, prenatal screening has not been considered a priority for researchers.
There are a wide variety of options that a patient has when it comes to treatment. One deciding factor is the stage at which the cancer is. If it is a late stage cancer (stage 4 has already spread to other organs) the disease can be fatal. If the cancer has been spotted early enough chemotherapy or surgery may be options. Researchers are also looking into possible gene therapies. By adding replacement vectors into virus coded specifically to react with cancerous prostate cells researchers have been able to destroy the cancerous cells. Another approach is to try and replace the disease causing genes with the correct genes. This approach is still in experimental phases.

Figure 1 (marieb)


References:

Center for Disease Control Website:
http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/prostate/about2004.htm

National Cancer Institute Website: prostate symptoms
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Detection/early-prostate

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center:
http://www.fhcrc.org/about/pubs/center_news/2004/apr1/sart1.html

Gene Ther Mol Biol Vol 4, 233-248. December 1999.
http://www.gtmb.org/volume4/22_Steiner.htm

Marieb, Elaine N (2004) Human Anatomy & Physiology (3rd ed)
Benjamin Cummings, San Francisco


There are faxes for this order.