Essay Instructions: I. THE TOPIC
The primary focus of this thesis will be to identify key lessons learned from the Phoenix Program on countering Viet Cong Infrastructure (VCI) and apply these lessons to develop an effective strategy for current Operation Iraqi Freedom(OIF).
II. THE PROBLEM OR ISSUE AND THE RESEARCH QUESTION
A. The Problem or Issue
The U.S. military will eventually draw down its operations in Iraq, at which time the security of the Iraqi people will fall on the shoulders of the newly-formed Iraqi security forces. Insurgents and terrorist groups are bound to exploit the opportunity to attack and disrupt the fragile military and police forces. Since the Iraqi militaries and national police will be the primary forces relied upon to conduct security operations to protect the cities and the people, they will need to develop an intelligence network using local and national assets to combat these threats. In the Vietnam War, Phoenix Program was set up by the CIA using South Vietnamese Army and local police intelligence apparatus to fight the insurgency mounted from the inside South Vietnam and the assault from the North. The Intelligence Community could potentially use the lessons learned from Phoenix to aid the current OIF.
B. The Research Questions
How may lessons learned from the Phoenix Program, established during the Vietnam War, apply to the current situation in Iraq?
III. RELATED LITERATURE
Andrade, Dale. Ashes to Ashes: The Phoenix Program and the Vietnam War. Lexington: Lexington Books, 1990.
Berger, Kenneth W. "The Phoenix Program." Library Journal 115, no. 16 (1990): 104-104. SEE HIS BOOK (2000)
Bird, Kai, and Max Holland. "Capitol Letter." Nation 242, no. 8 (1986): 232-232.
Blood, Max Jacob. "The Tet Effect: Military Intelligence and the American Will in Vietnam." Joint Military Intelligence College, 1999.
Canham-Clyne, John. "Haiti: Phoenix Rising." Progressive 58, no. 4 (1994): 21.
Cook, John L. The Advisor: The Phoenix Program in Vietnam: Schiffer Publishing, 2000.
Costa, Christopher. "Phoenix Rises Again: Humint Lessons for Counterinsurgency Operations." Defense Intelligence Journal 15, no. 1 (2006): 135-154.
Crowell, G. LaVerne. Icex Intelligence: Vietnam's Phoenix Program. Baltimore: Publish America, 2006.
Douglass, Carl. Last Phoenix: A Story of the CIA's Phoenix Program: Publication Consultants, 1998.
Dumbrell, John, and David Ryan. Vietnam in Iraq: Tactics, Lessons, Legacies and Ghosts, ed. John Dambrell and David Ryan. New York: Routledge, 2007.
FitzGerald, FranceS. Fire in the Lake; the Vietnamese and the Americans in Vietnam. 1st ed. ed. Boston: Little, Brown & Co, 1972.
Grant, Zalin. Facing the Phoenix. New York: W.W. Norton, 1991.
Herbert, Roger G. "Bullets with Names: The Deadly Dilemma." Naval Postgraduate School, 1992.
Herrington, Stuart A. Stalking the Vietcong: Inside Operation Phoenix a Personal Account: Presidio, 2004.
Moise, Edwin E. "Ashes to Ashes: The Phoenix Program and the Vietnam War/the Phoenix Program (Book)." Journal of Asian Studies 50, no. 4 (1991): 983-985.
Moreiras, Alberta. "Preemptive Manhunt: A New Partisanship." positions 13, no. 1 (2005): 9-30.
Moyar, Mark. Phoenix and the Birds of Prey: Naval Institute Press, 1997.
Moyar, Mark. Triumph Forsaken: The Vietnam War, 1954-1965. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Profitt, Nicholas. "The Embassy House." Magill Book Reviews (1990).
Safer, Morley. "Body Count Was Their Most Important Product." New York Times Book Review 140, no. 4839 (1990): 19.
Silverstein, David. "Reviving the Assassination Option." American Enterprise 12, no. 8 (2001): 36.
Steinberg, S., and P. Kaganoff. "Forecasts: Paperbacks." Publishers Weekly 239, no. 23 (1992): 66.
Stuttaford, G. "Forecasts: Nonfiction." Publishers Weekly 237, no. 34 (1990): 49.
Valentine, Douglas. "After the Initial Shock." New York Times Book Review 140, no. 4845 (1990): 34.
Valentine, Douglas. The Phoenix Program. New York: Morrow, 1990.
IV. THE HYPOTHESIS AND KEY QUESTIONS
A. The Hypothesis
Key lessons learned from the Phoenix Program will assist in developing a strategy for Iraq.
B. Key Questions
1. What were the historical lessons (Pre-Vietnamese, French, GVN/US) that led up to the Phoenix Program?
2. How was it conducted in Vietnam?
3. How did the VC respond to Phoenix? How did the NVA (PAVN) respond to phoenix? What were the major differences, if any, in these responses?
4. What were the lessons learned from Phoenix Program?
5. How can the lessons learned from the Phoenix Program be applied to the current situation in Iraq?
V. RESEARCH DESIGN, DATA COLLECTION, AND ANALYTIC STRATEGY
A. Research Design Options
Static Analysis.
B. Data Collection Strategy
Archival research on intelligence and operations.
C.Analytic Strategy
Case study analysis
VI. PROBABLE CHAPTER TITLES AND MAJOR SUBHEADINGS
I. Introduction/Research Question/Scope and Significance/Summation/Thesis Overview
II. Literature Review: The Phoenix Program in Vietnam
III. Methodology: Applications of the Phoenix Program in Case Study
IV. Data and Findings: Lessons Learned from Phoenix
V. Conclusions/Recommendations: Applications for Iraq