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Essay Instructions: Responses require you to support your ideas with evidence from your textbook (Pathophysiology a clinical approach2nd edition by Carie A Braun & Cindy M Anderson) or other appropriately APA cited sources. Case Study Rubric: All questions on the case study completed in a clear and insightful manner. Individual answers demonstrate clear evidence of knowledge and understanding of course materials and content. Cites At least one reference appropriately using APA style guidelines.


SKIN CANCER CASE STUDY

Instructions: Please complete the following questions using narrative, bullet points, phrases or outline format. Case studies should be no longer than 1-2 typed pages. Remember to copy and paste each item along with your response and reference your information.

Skin Cancer

Melanie, 28, has always spent a significant time in the sun. She lives in a year-round warm weather climate and loves the outdoors. She is consulting a dermatologist regarding some abnormal ?spots? on her skin. The physician?s initial diagnosis is skin cancer. Diagnostic test are being performed to determine which type of skin cancer Melanie may have.

1. Describe the pathophysiology of the general process of abnormal cellular growth as it relates to all types of cancer. (4 points)

2. Compare and contrast the pathophysiology of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma. (3 points)

3. Explain the concept of tumor angiogenesis factor as it related to the possibility of tumors at multiple sites. (2 points)

4. Melanie is diagnosed with malignant melanoma. The physician excised the affected area as well as a malignant lymph node. He states ?I know we have it all.? What concept may disprove this statement? (2 points)

5. Another oncologist is consulted after Melanie has an additional recurrence of malignant melanoma. After studying her case, the oncologist recommends treatment focused on proper cell clock performance. Explain the concept of ?loss of cell clock? and the impact on Melanie?s condition. (2 points)

6. How can Melanie protect herself from malignant melanoma and other types of skin cancer? (2 points)

7. Find a respected website (.org or.gov or .edu) and discuss current research regarding vaccines for skin cancer, current available statistics of incidence of skin cancer, and new treatments for skin cancer. (3 points)

Essay Instructions: Topic: Pretend for a moment that you are an attorney who handles work - related injury cases. You receive word that a man wants to sue his employer, claiming he got skin cancer through exposure to sun at his job. Will you represent the construction worker or employer? Plesent you case as you would to the judge in this case.

Essay Instructions: Review the scenarios of medical errors in the following readings from this week, and select one of them to focus on in the paper.

Gallagher, T. H. (2009). A 62-year-old woman with skin cancer who experienced wrong-site surgery: Review of medical error. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, 302, 660??"577.


Board on Health Care Services. (2007). Preventing Medication Errors: Quality Chasm Series. Washington, DC:The National Academies Press. Retrieved from http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=11623&page=43.
Part 1, "Understanding the Causes and Costs of Medication Errors" (Case on the death of the day-old infant; pp. 43??"45)


Rosenthal, K. (2004). Where did this patient's I.V. therapy go awry? Nursing, 34(5), 56??"57.
Prepare for the paper by considering the following:

What laws were, or may have been, broken in this case, and by whom? Did you agree with the assessment of liability (if any) provided in the scenario? Why or why not?


What are the main ethical issues of this case?


Health care providers are sometimes reluctant to admit wrongdoing, provide full disclosure, or apologize to the victim or family, or they are advised not to by legal counsel, risk managers, or others. Reflect on the discussion in the JAMA article about disclosing errors to patients and families. What are some of the legal and ethical implications of disclosing errors in your selected case?


What lessons could a nurse leader take from this case? Consider the role of the nurse leader in establishing and monitoring policies and setting the tone for the unit or organization. Are there ways in which a nurse leader might help to prevent these kinds of errors from happening?
The Application Assignment:

With these thoughts in mind, write a 3- to 4-page paper in which you address the following questions:

Summarize the legal aspects of this case. Identify the laws that were applicable and any that may have been broken. Who was, or may have been, liable?


Did the provider fail in any way to adhere to ethical standards? How might this failure have impacted the patient outcome?


If noted in the scenario, how did the provider interact with the patient or family after the error came to light?


Discuss the pros and cons of having the provider disclose and apologize for the error to the patient or family soon after the occurrence. What are the legal and ethical implications of this approach? In general, how might this approach impact the involved physicians, nurses, technicians, or others who may have contributed to a medical error that harmed a patient?


In what ways can nurse leaders help prevent the kind of error described in the scenario from happening in the first place? How can they assist the providers and organization after such an error occurs?
Reminder: Your Application Assignment must follow APA guidelines. Be sure to support your work with specific citations from this week’s Learning Resources. If you use sources other than these, please provide a proper citation and reference for each source. Refer to the APA Pocket Guide, sent to you with the materials for this course.


There are faxes for this order.

Essay Instructions: Instructions
For this paper, you should think about the way you interact with media on a daily basis. Choose one contiguous 24 hours period (it does not have to be a calendar day so you can start at 3:00 pm Thursday and go to 3 P.m on Friday for example) and keep a detailed diary of all of the media that you consume during that period. You need to be aware of both the media choices (such as web sites visited or songs played) and ambient media (music playing in the Caf or the television that is on while you are working out. You must include the New York times for that day.

The essay comes after the diary entries and does not include the diary entree's so 4 pages with out diary entries)
Since you have limited time I have already done the diary entries for you

Once you have finished your 24 hours diary, look it over and think about how media informs your social identity and constructs the reality of our world. Make generalizations about the kind of media and messages that make up your daily life. Also refer to past famous rhetoric philosophers and how they may feel towards the revolution of communication through media/news papers/internet.

I'de like you to refer to the readings downloaded and to form a thesis about how you asses your personal relationship with contemporary media.

Here are the Journal Entree's since they won't download:
Personal Use of / Involvement with Media
Introduction
7:20 a.m. ? 9:00 a.m. Tuesday December 9 ? first I checked my iPhone for text messages and phone calls I may have missed.
? Two calls were from friends wanting to work out at the beach; I made notes of their calls, planned to call they later in the morning
? Three texts came in while I was outside Monday night and I hadn?t checked them before going to bed?one was a reminder that I had three more days to use my 25% discount at a local Starbucks; the other two were from friends talking about getting together to work on homework
? Turned on the television and went to ESPN; watched the highlights from the Green Bay Packer?s win over the Atlanta Falcons (the analysts repeatedly referred to quarterback Aaron Rodgers as ?the MVP? in the league)
? Switched to Fox Sports West and saw a story on Lebron James wearing a T-shirt that said ?I Can?t Breathe? and later greeting the Royal couple (Prince William and his wife Kate) from England at a Cavs vs. Nets NBA game
? Switched to the Weather Channel to see if any rain is predicted and when it might come
? Turned on CNN to check up on the news happenings ? a lot of the time in the first half hour I watched was regarding the activation of US Marines around the world in case there is a violent backlash to the upcoming release of the Senate report on torture that was used on terrorists captured during the George W. Bush administration
? Got on my treadmill and switched the TV channel to ?hip-hop?
9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. Tuesday December 9 ? Logged onto Yahoo and checked email
? Email from my cousin who explained that he is cancer-free with reference to the metastatic cancer tumor that was removed from his head; he also said the squamous-cell cancer may still be hiding somewhere under his skin
? Went to Google and searched ?squamous cell carcinoma?; found a good description on the Skin Cancer Foundation (www.skincancer.org)
? Opened an email from a friend who sends ?Daily Ray of Hope? to me; a beautiful photo of Glacier National Park
? Answered a phone call from my friend in Colorado
11:00 to 2:00 p.m. Tuesday December 9 ? got in my car, turned on the radio to Public Radio and heard reports on e-cigarettes, NATO completing mission in Afghanistan
? Went to a mall Christmas shopping; walked the mall using my iPod(rap/house music)
? Stopped at a supermarket to buy groceries; shopped at a Best Buy to purchase a digital recorder for my sister just getting into high school and taking a journalism class
? Picked up the local paper and went through the sports page and the front page; ?White House announces computer science initiative? (AP); the administration is working with 57 school districts to establish computer science classes to all students ? a good step.
? Used local library?s search engine to find a book for a class
? Returned phone calls from friends; sent text to a friend who wanted to watch NBA basketball at a local sports bar.
2:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. Tuesday December 9 ? attended class, went to the library
? Used the library media tools to find books to review
? Got a text message from my friend who wants watch the Lakers and the Kings NBA game
5:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. ? Tuesday December 9
? Had chicken wings while watching (one at a time) twelve very big high definition TV screens with several games including NBA and college basketball, European soccer; one TV was playing the history of baseball (?Baseball? by Ken Burns) and in that documentary there were clips from black and white films of Babe Ruth and dozens of photographs of players, and audio with black men who were prohibited from playing baseball in Major League Baseball.
? A friend with an iPad took photos and video of a conversation at our table about whether professional athletes should wear T-shirts identifying with current protests over the deaths of unarmed black men by white policemen
? Returned home and logged onto my email, and clicked on a link on an email from my brother that presented the story of a French woman who crashed her car into a newspaper office on purpose? he said, ?Newspapers are so biased and one-sided, we should think about doing that here??
? Another email had a link to a Rush Limbaugh rant on the release of the Senate Intelligence report on torture
7:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. Wednesday December 10,
? Plugged in my iPhone to charge up the batteries and saw a late text came in from my friend. It had video attached of heavy snowfall in Colorado
? Checked my email on Yahoo, and read a message from an environmental group urging me to write the governors of the states where there is a program to shoot wolves
? There is also an email from a progressive blog with a link to the Fox News reporter who said in response to the report on torture, ?America is Awesome? and Obama ?doesn?t like this country?[he] wants us to look bad?
? Logged onto the database site in the library website to find data of the history of torture in the world ? what were the techniques, how successful were the results, what countries and cultures approved of torturing prisoners?
? Got on my treadmill for half an hour listening to Classic Rock on the Charter Cable channel
? Later, before studying, I accessed the Golf Channel to see if there was any news on Tiger Woods? return from his injured back


Works Cited
Skin Cancer Foundation. (2012). Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC). Retrieved December 9
2014 from http://www.skincancer.org.