MCG

Explain the OSI reference model and TCP/IP protocol architecture.

The Open Systems Interconnection reference model is made up of seven layers to establish reliable communication between nodes. The first layer, the physical layer, controls how the digital information is transmitted between nodes while things such as encoding techniques, connector types, and data rate are established. The second layer, the data-link layer, is responsible for framing data, error detection and maintaining flow control over the physical connection. The third layer, the network layer, takes care of routing protocol-specific packets to their proper destination using IP addressing. The fourth layer, the transport layer, is the first of the seven layers that doesn't care about how the data actually gets from location to location; instead this layer concentrates on providing correct communication between applications. The fifth layer, the session layer handles communication between processes running on two different nodes. The sixth layer,...
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