However, the rights have some confinements incorporating the limitations and other considerations of issues like their contradiction with the fundamental rights and the codified provisions in force. The legal issues involving intellectual property rights have two dimensions. Firstly, those that provide exclusive rights only in the sphere of copying / reproduction of the item or act safeguarded and secondly, those which provide a right to deter others from doing something. The former has no hindrance for making the design if it is not a case of copying. However, the later confers the right of patents and prevent the others from making the same design even if they had never heard of or seen the claimed property. The more specialized forms of such exclusive rights also prevails regionally such as mask work rights in USA, Integrated Circuit Topography Act in Canadian law, and in European Community Law by Directive 87/54/EEC of...
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