Critically assess any additional logistics strategy approaches that could have been used to develop existing logistics capabilities.

The company initially failed to adopt flexible strategic approaches to its logistical needs in its international operations based on longstanding corporate practices and an ingrained organizational culture. According to Canals, "Marks & Spencer's growth was based upon the values and policies that had served it so well for so many years. Its achievements were a springboard for new challenges. However, in 1999 Marks & Spencer was facing challenges that seemed to require approaches that were different from the ones the firm had executed so well in the past" (p. 74). In fact, the company had a lot at stake during these early years as it sought to apply the same approach to logistical management that had proven effective in the past. In thi regard, Canals reports that, "As the British retailer faced the...
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