This is because every person has a different pain management need. Therefore, there is a need to have a bio-psycho-social-spiritual approach to the management of chronic pain. The four components of the experience of pain by the patient are as follows. The first component is the physical sensation that is felt. Second are the automatic thoughts that come as a result of the gross pain being experienced. Third are the uncomfortable emotional reactions that the patient has to deal with from the pain. Fourth are the self-defeating behaviors that are as a result of the thinking and the feelings of the patient. This is the approach that is in use in Sierra Tucson Hospital in Tucson, Arizona Merskey, 1994()

Studies have indicated that as the patient continues to experience the pain and as the pain becomes chronic, the mood of the patient is grossly affected and their motivation toward the...
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