d.). This largely contributed to the development of today's total quality management concept as quality excellence has become a standard for business operations.

Principles of Total Quality Management:

As one of the main concepts in today's business operations, total quality management is based on several important principles including:

Customer Focus:

Being customer focused is the main principle behind total quality management because customers are the key determinants of the level of quality. Despite of the numerous efforts that a company conducts for quality improvement such as training employees, customers are the only stakeholders who determine the efficiency of those efforts. Therefore, customers should be central to any quality improvement initiative by an organization.

Total Employee Improvement and Process Centered:

An organization's efforts for quality improvement should be geared towards the provision of a favorable working environment that promotes employee improvement with an increased focus on process thinking.

Integrated Systems:

Total...
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