In avoiding the current controversy on the morality of embryonic stem cell research, researchers and doctors have resorted to other options (Dobson 2004, National Review 2004). Substitutes like adult stem cells and somatic cell nuclear transfer from placental or umbilical cord stem cells of newborns. Adult stem cells, however, were found to be nearly not as malleable as human embryonic stem cells or those acquired through somatic cell nuclear transfer. These were found good for reproducing red and white blood cells and platelets, but not for replacing neurons, muscle or organ tissue. On the other hand, somatic cell nuclear transfer from the placental or umbilical cord stem cells of newborns tended to be rejected by the body and developed immune reaction problems (Dobson).

Conclusion unanimous opinion on the ethics of conducting embryonic stem cell research may not be possible in a pluralistic society, such as that of the United States,...
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