This increased presence of women in professional sports management positions is considered significant by Watt and this author suggests these trends will very likely continue; however, there are some skeptics who argue that the increase presence of women in sports management positions has been a token efforts by the top managers and in actuality only involves a limited number of sport and physical activity areas, such as aerobics; however, there has been a perceptible increase in the number of actively participating females during the past three decades or so, yet there is still a great deal to be accomplished to achieve equality of action in many sporting venues (Watt, 2003). In this regard, Watt points out that, "There are several major sports where women are still treated very much as second-class citizens, and in some cases they are almost not recognized at all" (emphasis added) (2003, p. 32).

Furthermore, at...
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