They argue that the U.S. Constitution is color blind and while conceding that racial diversity is a noble goal, seek to achieve it through 'race-neutral' means. They also insist on a level playing field for all American citizens, regardless of their race. Such arguments can be found in the concurring opinion of Chief Justice Roberts and Justice Thomas, who wrote a separate opinion endorsing the ruling. The liberals point out that the long history of slavery in the U.S., racial discrimination against the blacks, and the Jim Crow laws make it necessary that the Affirmative Action laws should continue in order to counter the social and economic disadvantages of the black community. They fear that the conservative insistence on 'equal opportunity' and a 'level playing field' is just another manifestation of the deep-rooted racism in American society. The dissenting opinions in this case, too, are largely based on such an...
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