When such biases enter into the decision-making process, they eliminate some potential courses of action.

Related to bias is the illusion of validity. The biased parties envision an outcome that they would like to see and work backwards to justify their chosen course of action. That course of action may not lead to the outcome at all, but biases leave to the view that it does. Therefore, bias guides us to actions that do not result in the outcomes we have imagined. Alongside bias, the illusion of validity reduces objectivity. The parties making the decision cannot be truly objective if they have biases; nor can they be truly objective if they already believe they will have success. What this does is eliminate the possibility of the worst-case scenario. By mentally eliminating some of the possible outcomes from consideration, the analysis of the situation becomes distorted.

As a result of these...
[ View Full Essay]