History Of Guidance Movement: 1900 to Date

Prior to the final decades of the nineteenth century, there was very limited literature to which job seekers could make reference with regard to career guidance which was, at the time, referred to as vocational guidance (Ford & Alao, 2011). Knowledge of prospective work opportunities mainly resulted from close contact with the community, friends, family, church, and the education system (Ford & Alao, 2011).

Frank Parson, the founder of vocational guidance, in 1907, provided the stepping stone for career counseling with the formation of the Vocational Guidance Movement, which gave rise to the Vocational Bureau of Boston in 1908 (Ford & Alao, 2011). Parson used self-study and vocational counseling to make people more compatible with their interests, aptitudes, skills, and occupational demands, thereby leading them to the right careers (Ford & Alao, 2011). The bureau sponsored a number of national conferences; the third...
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