Oral candidiasis is primarily caused by Candida albicans, in which yeast adheres to the buccal epithelial cellular surface during the earliest phase of infection. This process is predominantly implicated by the hydrophobicity of fungus on the cell surface. The infection process is enabled by penetration of Candida albicans into the oral tissue, which is facilitated by secretion of exoenzymes and the development of hyphae (Calamari et al., 2011).

Following limited exposure to antifungal agents, growth recovery capacity can be measured through the post antifungal effect, which indicates virulence levels of yeast. Increasingly, there has been a demonstrated resistance to antifungals, which is a cause for concern since there are fewer antifungals available in comparison to antibiotics. Therefore, research has been directed toward investigations of alternatives to antifungals for the treatment of Candida albicans. A few of these alternatives include chlorhexidine-based oral rinses, fluconazole, and chitosan. The researchers in the study...
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