Essay Instructions: This is the assignment:
Read the dramatic monologue by Robert Browning: "My Last Duchess". This poem is loosely based on historical events involving Alfonso, the Duke of Ferrara, who lived in the 16th century. The Duke is the speaker of the poem, and tells us he is entertaining an emissary who has come to negotiate the Duke’s marriage (he has recently been widowed) to the daughter of another powerful family. As he shows the visitor through his palace, he stops before a portrait of the late Duchess, apparently a young and lovely girl. The verse “My Last Duchess” is the dramatic monologue. Write a 300-500 word essay to analyze and evaluate "My Last Duchess" from the point of view of a literary critic. Use the literary criticism style of " formalism"
No research was required for this assignment. Quotations from the poem to suport the essay will be needed. Since its a short paper, I think two per page, or less, should suffice, but pleasd include what you thiink is needed. (These are the only notes provided)
Formalism (1930s - Present):
•Insists on the intrinsic value of a work and focused attention on the work alone as an independent unit of meaning.
•Focuses on the formal elements of a work-its language, structure and tone, intrinsic vs. extrinsic elements of a work.
1.Uses techniques ??" analytic close reading of a text.
2.Diction, imagery, irony, paradox, metaphor, etc.
3.Plot, character, narrative technique
4.Individual elements work together to create a unified whole
My Last Duchess
Robert Browning (1843)
That's my last duchess painted on the wall,
Looking as if she were alive. I call
That piece a wonder, now: Frà Pandolf's hands
Worked busily a day, and there she stands.
Will't please you sit and look at her? I said
"Frà Pandolf" by design, for never read
Strangers like you that pictured countenance,
The depth and passion of its earnest glance,
But to myself they turned (since none puts by
The curtain I have drawn for you, but I)
And seemed as they would ask me, if they durst,
How such a glance came there; so, not the first
Are you to turn and ask thus. Sir, 'twas not
Her husband's presence only, called that spot
Of joy into the Duchess' cheek: perhaps
Frà Pandolf chanced to say "Her mantle laps
"Over my lady's wrist too much," or "Paint
"Must never hope to reproduce the faint
"Half?flush that dies along her throat": such stuff
Was courtesy, she thought, and cause enough
For calling up that spot of joy. She had
A heart how shall I say? too soon made glad,
Too easily impressed; she liked whate'er
She looked on, and her looks went everywhere.
Sir, 'twas all one! My favor at her breast,
The dropping of the daylight in the West,
The bough of cherries some officious fool
Broke in the orchard for her, the white mule
She rode with round the terrace all and each
Would draw from her alike the approving speech,
Or blush, at least. She thanked men good! but thanked
Somehow I know not how as if she ranked
My gift of a nine?hundred?years?old name
With anybody's gift. Who'd stoop to blame
This sort of trifling? Even had you skill
In speech which I have not to make your will
Quite clear to such an one, and say, "Just this
"Or that in you disgusts me; here you miss,
"Or there exceed the mark" and if she let
Herself be lessoned so, nor plainly set
Her wits to yours, forsooth, and make excuse,
E'en then would be some stooping; and I choose
Never to stoop. Oh sir, she smiled, no doubt,
Whene'er I passed her; but who passed without
Much the same smile? This grew; I gave commands;
Then all smiles stopped together. There she stands
As if alive. Will't please you rise? We'll meet
The company below, then. I repeat,
The Count your master's known munificence
Is ample warrant that no just pretense
Of mine for dowry will be disallowed;
Though his fair daughter's self, as I avowed
At starting, is my object. Nay we'll go
Together down, sir. Notice Neptune, though,
Taming a sea?horse, thought a rarity,
Which Claus of Innsbruck cast in bronze for me!
My Last Duchess
Robert Browning
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