Essay Instructions: Write an MA dissertation of 12000 words discussing the topic:
Interventionism; between Humanitarian and States? National Interest. Case Study Libya and Syria.
Discuss the title above in a 12000 words dissertation covering an introduction, three or four chapters, and a conclusion.
References and Bibliography from the suggested list below.
an introduction should ideally contain:
-The title or topic of your dissertation ? introduction to your puzzle ? justifying: why you are interested in this topic and why is this topic important/relevant?
-Concepts definitions etc. should be included early on.
-Your research question.
-Your central argument ? remember this is a value choice dependent on your standpoint.
-The structure of the dissertation (Chapter One will look at?In Chapter Two?)
-Choice of case studies and justification if appropriate (why these and not others?).
-Methodology
-Literature review.
The Thesis of the dissertation should argue and support the realistic point of view and belief towards Great Powers national interest in other states for intervention.
Syria Case: Why states didn?t intervene until now although there have been a strong case for humanitarian intervention: mass killing, immigration, slaughtering?.
What are the political reasons behind inaction in Syria ?
Reasons vary from political, geopolitical, economical to strategic interest for great powers in the region.
Libya Case: Why states intervene in Libya ?
Reasons behind intervention: humanitarian intervention : yes, but favored with economic interest.
Talk about Western countries that support humanitarian interventionism and they have not yet intervened in Syria. What are the states? national interests that dictate against humanitarian intervention.
-Political Interest.
-Israel Position in the region and the US concern to secure its borders.
-Economical Interest.
-Instability in the region.
Responsibility to Protect doctrine: Is it only meant to protect civilians or it goes beyond this ?
Case of Libya ?
Suggested Readings:
Alexidze, Levan (1981), ?Legal Nature of Jus Cogens in Contemporary International Law?, in Recueil des cours, Vol. 172, p. 219-270.
Amn?us, Diana (2012), ?Has Humanitarian Intervention Become Part of International Law under the Responsibility to Protect Doctrine??, in Julia Hoffmann and Andr? Nollkaemper, eds., Responsibility to Protect. From Principle toPractice, Amsterdam, Pallas Publications and Amsterdam University Press, p. 157-171.
Bellamy, Alex J. (2011), ?Libya and the Responsibility to Protect: The Exception and the Norm?, Ethics & International Affairs, Vol. 25, No. 3 (September), p. 263-269.
Boisson de Chazournes, Louise, and Condorelli, Luigi (2006), ?De la ?responsabilit? de prot?ger?, ou d?une nouvelle parure pour une notion d?j? bien ?tablie?, R?vue g?n?rale de droit international public, Vol. 110, No. 1, p. 11-18, http://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:6162.
Bokova, Irina (2012), ?Culture in the Cross Hairs?, International Herald Tribune, 3 December, p. 12, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/03/opinion/global/cultural-sites-must-be-protected.html.
Brownlie, Ian (1974),?Humanitarian Intervention?, in John Norton Moore, ed., Law and Civil War in the ModernWorld, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, p. 217-228.
Cassese, Antonio (1999), ?Ex iniuria ius oritur: Are we Moving towards International Legitimation of Forcible Humanitarian Countermeasures in the World Community??, European Journal of International Law, Vol. 10, No. 1,p. 23-30, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejil/10.1.23.
Chesterman, Simon (2011), ??Leading from Behind?: The Responsibility to Protect, the Obama Doctrine, and Humanitarian Intervention after Libya?, Ethics & International Affairs, Vol. 25, No. 3 (September), p. 279-285.
Francioni, Francesco (2000),?Of War, Humanity and Justice: International Law after Kosovo?, Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law, Vol. 4, p. 107-126, http://www.mpil.de/shared/data/pdf/pdfmpunyb/francioni_4.pdf.
Francioni, Francesco (2005), ?Balancing the Prohibition of Force with the Need to Protect Human Rights: A Methodological Approach?, in Enzo Cannizzaro and Paolo Pacchetti, eds., Customary International Law on the Use of Force. A Methodological Approach, Leiden and Boston, Nijhoff, p. 269-292.
Hannikainen, Lauri (1988), Peremptory Norms (Jus Cogens) in International Law. Historical Development, Criteria,Present Status, Helsinki, Finnish Lawyers? Publishing Company.
Hehir, Aidan (2008), Humanitarian Intervention after Kosovo. Iraq, Darfur and the Record of Global Civil Society,Basingstoke and New York, Palgrave Macmillan.
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Hehir, Aidan (2012), The Responsibility to Protect. Rhetoric, Reality and the Future of Humanitarian Intervention, Basingstoke and New York, Palgrave Macmillan.
Hilpold, Peter (2012), ?Intervening in the Name of Humanity: R2P and the Power of Ideas?, Journal of Conflict and Security Law, Vol. 17, No. 1 (Spring), p. 49-79.
Hoffmann, Julia, and Nollkaemper, Andr?, eds.(2012), Responsibility to Protect. From Principle to Practice, Amsterdam, Pallas Publications and Amsterdam University Press.
Hurd, Ian (2011), ?Is Humanitarian Intervention Legal? The Rule of Law in an Incoherent World?, Ethics & International Affairs, Vol. 25, No. 3 (September), p. 293-313, http://faculty.wcas.northwestern.edu/~ihu355/Home_files/is%20hi%20legal.pdf.
Joffe, George (1994), ?Sovereignty and Intervention: The Perspective from the Developing World?, in Marianne Heiberg, ed., Subduing Sovereignty. Sovereignty and the Right to Intervene, London, Pinter, p. 62-95.
Krause, Joachim, and Ronzitti, Natalino, eds. (2012), The EU, the UN and Collective Security, London and New York, Routledge.
Lillich, Richard (1974), ?Humanitarian Intervention: A Reply to Ian Brownlie and a Plea for Constructive Alternatives?,in John Norton Moore, ed., Law and Civil War in the Modern World, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, p.229-251.
Mohamed, Saria (2012), ?Taking Stock of the Responsibility to Protect?, Stanford Journal of International Law, Vol.48, No. 2 (Summer), p. 319-339, http://ssrn.com/abstract=2065520.
Ortega, Martin, ed. (2005), ?The European Union and the United Nations. Partners in Effective Multilateralism?, Chaillot Papers, No. 78 (June), http://www.iss.europa.eu/publications/detail/article/the-european-union-andthe-united-nations-partners-in-effective-multilateralism.
Pattison, James (2010), Humanitarian Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect. Who Should Intervene?, Oxford and New York, Oxford University Press.
Picone, Paolo (1995), ?Interventi delle Nazioni Unite e obblighi erga omnes?, in Paolo Picone, ed., Interventi delle Nazioni Unite e diritto internazionale, Padova, Cedam, p. 517-578
.
Powell, Catherine (2012), ?Libya: A Multilateral Constitutional Moment??, American Journal of International Law, Vol. 106, No. 2 (April), p. 298-316, http://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub/983.
Ronzitti, Natalino (1986), ?Use of Force, Jus Cogens and State Consent?, in Antonio Cassese, ed., The Current Legal Regulation of the Use of Force, Dordrecht, Nijhoff, p. 147-166.
Ronzitti, Natalino (2012), ?NATO Intervention in Libya: A Genuine Action to Protect a Civilian Population in Mortal Danger or an Intervention Aimed at Regime Change??, The Italian Yearbook of International Law, Vol. 21: 2011, p. 3-21.
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Simma, Bruno (1999), ?NATO, the UN and the Use of Force: Legal Aspects?, European Journal of International Law, Vol. 10, No.1, p. 1-22, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejil/10.1.1.
Simms, Brendan, and Trim, David J.B., eds. (2011), Humanitarian Intervention. A History, Cambridge and New York, Cambridge University Press. Task Force on the EU Prevention of Mass Atrocities (2013), The EU and the Prevention of Mass Atrocities. AnAssessment of Strengths and Weaknesses, Budapest, Foundation for the International Prevention of Mass Atrocities, 6 March, http://www.massatrocitiestaskforce.eu/Report.html.
Tes?n, Fernando (2003), ?The Liberal Case for Humanitarian Intervention?, in J.L. Holzgrefe and Robert O. Keohane, eds. Humanitarian Intervention. Ethical, Legal and Political Dilemmas, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, p. 93-129.
Tes?n, Fernando R. (2005), Humanitarian Intervention. An Inquiry into Law and Morality, 3. edn, New York, Transnational Publishers.
Vierucci, Luisa (2012), ?The No-Fly Zone over Libya: Enforcement Issues?, The Italian Yearbook of International Law, Vol. 21: 2011, p. 21-44.
Welsh, Jennifer (2011), ?Civilian Protection in Libya: Putting Coercion and Controversy Back into RtoP?, Ethics & International Affairs, Vol. 25, No. 3 (September), p. 255-262.
Wouters, Jan, De Man, Philip, and Vincent, Marie (2012), ?The Responsibility to Protect and Regional Organisations: Where Does the European Union Stand?,? in Julia Hoffmann and Andr? Nollkaemper, eds., Responsibility to Protect. From Principle to Practice, Amsterdam, Pallas Publications and Amsterdam University Press, p. 247-270.
2. Documents and Judicial Decisions
EP (2009a), Resolution on a political solution with regard to the piracy off the Somali coast (P7_TA(2009)0099), 26 November, http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&reference=P7-TA-2009-0099&language=EN&ring=B7-2009-0158.
EP (2009b), Resolution on violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo (P7_TA(2009)0118), 17 December, http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&reference=P7-TA-2009-0118&language=EN.
EP (2011), Resolution on the Southern Neighborhood, and Libya in particular (P7_TA(2011)0095), 10 March, http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&reference=P7-TA-2011-0095&language=EN.
EU Council (2005), Council Conclusions on UN World Summit, 2687th External Relations Council meeting, Brussels,
7 November, http://www.consilium.europa.eu/ueDocs/cms_Data/docs/pressData/en/gena/86844.pdf.
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EU Council (2008a), Council Joint Action on the European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo, EULEX Kosovo(2008/124/CFSP), 4 February, http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2008:042:0092:0098:E
N:PDF.
EU Council (2008b), Report on the Implementation of the European Security Strategy. Providing Security in a Changing World (S/407/08), 11 December, http://www.consilium.europa.eu/ueDocs/cms_Data/docs/pressdata/EN/
reports/104630.pdf.
EU Council (2010), EU Priorities for the 65th United Nations General Assembly (10170/10), 25 May, http://register.consilium.europa.eu/pdf/en/10/st10/st10170.en10.pdf.
ICISS (2001), The Responsibility to Protect. Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty, Ottawa, International Development Research Centre, http://responsibilitytoprotect.org/ICISS%20Report.pdf.
ICJ (1949), Judgment on the Corfu Channel case (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland v.Albania), 9 April, http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?case=1.
ICJ (1970), Judgment on the Barcelona Traction case (Belgium v. Spain), 5 February, http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?case=50.
ICJ (1986), Judgment on the case concerning Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua(Nicaragua v. United States of America), 27 June, http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?case=70.
ICJ (2003), Judgment on the case concerning Oil Platforms (Islamic Republic of Iran v. United States of America),6 November, http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?case=90.
ICJ (2004), Judgment on the Avena and Other Mexican Nationals case (Mexico v. United States of America), 31 March, http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?case=128.
ICJ (2007), Judgment on the case concerning the Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro), 26 February, http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?case=91.
ICJ (2012), Judgment on the Ahmadou Sadio Diallo case (Republic of Guinea v. Democratic Republic of Congo), 19 June, http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?case=103.
ILC (2001), Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts, http://untreaty.un.org/ilc/texts/9_6.htm.
UN (2005a), In Larger Freedom: Towards Development, Security and Human Rights for All (A/59/2005), 21 March,http://undocs.org/A/59/2005.
UN (2005b), Resolution on the 2005 World Summit Outcome (A/RES/60/1), 24 October, http://undocs.org/A/
RES/60/1.
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UN (2006), Resolution on the Protection of civilians in armed conflict (S/RES/1674), 28 April, http://www.un.org/en/sc/documents/resolutions/2006.shtml.
UN (2009a), Implementing the Responsibility to Protect (A/63/677), 12 January, http://undocs.org/A/63/677.
UN (2009b), Resolution on The responsibility to protect (A/RES/63/308), 7 October, http://undocs.org/A/RES/63/308.
UN (2011a), Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review. Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (A/HRC/16/15), 4 January, http://undocs.org/A/HRC/16/15.
UN (2011b), Resolution on Libya (S/RES/1973),17 March, http://www.un.org/en/sc/documents/resolutions/2011.shtml.
UN (2011c), Resolution on Peace and security in Africa (S/RES/1970), 26 February, http://www.un.org/en/sc/documents/resolutions/2011.shtml.
UN (2011d), Statement the Secretary-General on Libya, 17 March, http://www.un.org/sg/statements/?nid=5145.
US (2005), Letter from Ambassador Bolton on the Responsibility to Protect, 30 August, available at http://www.responsibilitytoprotect.org/files/US_Boltonletter_R2P_30Aug05%5B1%5D.pdf.
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