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Essay Instructions: I requested for another writer to write this before but she has written it very complicated. Please make sure it is very clear :)

This is an investigation into how design can facilitate social change toward a more sustainable way of living. We worked in small groups and assigned to a block (or blocks) in Williamsburg, which is Bedford Ave between 3rd and 4 th streets in Brooklyn.In this paper, You had to examine exaclty only the 3rd and 4th street in Bedford avenue(not the others please)
You will use qualitative methods and design research to conduct a close observation of the residential and commercial activities on the block(s). The goal is to understand your block and the social, economic and political forces that are shaping Williamsburg and to propose a solution, in the form of a business proposal, to improve the quality of life, from a sustainability point of view, for the residents of Williamsburg.
To do this you will perform observational research on your block(s);search for businesses and community members in order to understand the ways in which the neighborhood has changed as a result of gentrification in the last 10-20 years; and conduct secondary research (census data, articles, books, etc) in order to better understand the neighborhoods context.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
• Who are the residents of the block that you are studying (demographics)?
• What businesses are on the block that you are studying and why are they located there?
• What are the problems that residents and businesses encounter in the neighborhood?
• Are there conflicts between different groups of residents?
• How do individual businesses on your block market or brand themselves? How does Williamsburg as a distinct neighborhood within New York City market itself?

OBSERVATIONAL THEMES (focus on one or more of the following):
Temporal and spatial variations•
Global and local activities (this includes marketing and city branding)
Individual and community activities
Private and public activities and/or privacy and security/surveillance
Socio-economic factors (i.e. race, class, gender, religion)
SPECIFIC THEMES
REZONING -Real estate development, from industrial to residential • GENTRIFICATION -Affordable housing and cost of business and residential leases (note: cheap rent fosters artistic development, new ideas & innovation) -Luxury condominiums -Chain stores
NEIGHBORHOOD BRANDING -Williamsburg is known worldwide as a place of 'Hipster' culture -Local & artisanal food -Brooklyn Do-It-Yourself culture
TRANSPORTATION ISSUES

here are some articles and books that you may use

http://www.brooklynpaper.com/stories/33/46/wb_duanereade_2010_11_12_bk.html
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/dec/12/new-york-brooklyn-williamsburg-gentrification
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/14/business/14beer.html
http://www.brooklynrail.org/2011/02/local/ruminations-on-duane-reade
http://www.roeblinghall.com/images/pressreleases/Brooklyn%20Dispatches-The%20Brooklyn%20Rail-WillimsburgARTSSCENE.pdf
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=vyMPyLmEJigC&oi=fnd&pg=PR10&dq=williamsburg&ots=-SdClJrlMe&sig=zxaZL8pXejMpvK4d45E6WLf2xdo#v=onepage&q&f=false

Also please write more abour Duane read. (it is really important) (There are some website links on the top)For example there are 3 more deli's like Duane read at that block why did they needed to build it? or who goes Duane read? why? What do the other sales person thinks about the Duane reads and their markets conditions? Talk about the other delis. How do they look like. Also you can talk more about NYC pet where is it located exactly beside which store? what type of people go there. When do they go there?? etc. Exatcly the same things for every building and store. ALso there is a gallery there talk about that too(it opens at what time and closes at what time)

I also need footnotes. Thanks.
Please use easy words and explain it clearly. please write every stores and buildings in that area and explain them clearly with their history.
Please ask questions if you have one.
In the bibliography part please write every website link and use citations,
Thanks.

Essay Instructions: Jane Jacobs and her interviewer in the attached reprint discuss the status of current urban ecology of american cities. She strongly advocates for strong economic growth and development in cities through:

1- Loosening or modernizing zoning restrictions in order to encourage efficient and effective land use
2- Promoting mixed-uses and economic vitality
3- Encouraging citizen participation in public policy decision-making
4- Humanistic planning considerations
5- Providing public transportation options
6- Champion policies that are pro-growth and development

Questions: Do you agree or disagree with her positions? EXPLAIN your reasons and advocate for your point-of-view.
Please Discuss all 6 points.

** This is taken from " Urban studies legend Jane Jacobs on gentrification,the new urbanism, and her legacy".
By Bill Steigerwald from the June 2001 issue (city Views)

******* I will fax over the article just in case you can't find it ( 12 pages total)************************







There are faxes for this order.

Essay Instructions: Inequality definition must be present in essay, definition provided in fax.

People face inequalities of treatement..... maintain and enhance their privilege, creating problems with other groups of people.

Urbanism - see attached info

Postmodern city - privatization of space - see attached info

Visible minorities in Toronto, 2001 1753,000 - see attached, not present in advertising.

Gentrification - which is all about consumerism, dining out, shopping - etc.

Private communities - see attached - want local control, freedom from exposure to the social problems of the inner city. "to make public facilities and spaces as unlivable as possible for the homeless and the poor, the city is engaged in a virtual war against them."

Women are very sexual in the advertisements, sex sells in advertising.

We are in a consumer capitalist society "Insta-House" phenonmenon.

Why are they not advertising to families, children and the elderly... Do not want the noise, problems etc. that these MARGINILIZED citizens present.
There are faxes for this order.

Essay Instructions: Question: 1

In this essay, you will be required to discuss the ways in which economic, racial, and gender inequalities manifest themselves in the post-industrial city. First, describe the economic and spatial processes that resulted in race and class segregation between the central city and the suburbs. Second, discuss the potential positive and negative effects of using gentrification as a way of re-integrating central cities. Third, using the example of a particular group (African-Americans, women, homeless, immigrants, gays), describe how exclusion from public space has affected their experience of the city. Finally, using your experiences from the walking tour and the bus tour, discuss how these inequalities manifest themselves in the city of Tucson.

Question 2:

1) Many of the authors that we have read have different ideas of what a city is and the positive and negative aspects of urban life. Briefly compare and contrast the different views of the social and economic aspects of city life found in these class readings.

:::These are the sources or readings to reference during both questions:::

Chudacoff H. & J.E. Smith. (2005) The Evolution of American Society, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN: 0-13-189824

Jacobs, Jane. (1961). The Death and Life of Great American Cities. New York, Vintage Books. ISBN:X

Massey, D. and N. Denton. (1998). American Apartheid: Segregation and the Making of the Underclass. Cambridge, Harvard University Press. ISBN: 4

Mitchell, D. (2003). The Right to the City. New York and London: Guilford.


Please make each question 2 pages each.