Essay Instructions: The thesis statement is - "The attacks on Pearl Harbor and the World Trade Center had similar historical events surrounding each attack. Franklin Delano Roosevelt and George W. Bush used similar policies to bat further attacks and unite the nation."
How they brought the nation together, spending on military increases, declaring war with almost full congressional approval, the similarities in the times, economy, etc. One difference though are the differences in war against a nation-state and war against a tactic/terrorist organization are very different and should be elaborated on as well as the similarities in policies.
The paper should be 25 pages long with a 2 page summary or detailed outline of the paper. Total - 27 pages. Works cited or the Chicago Style Manual equivalent as well.
I have already found these references and put them in an annotated bibliography. Please use them in the paper as well as others that you may find.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Borch, Fred L. ?Comparing Pearl Harbor and ?9/11": Intelligence Failure? American Unpreparedness? Military Responsibility?? The Journal of Military History 67, (2003). Intelligence failure and unpreparedness were both key problems with Pearl Harbor and 9/11 but were extremely different in terms of failure to prevent (9/11) and failure to provide an adequate defense (Pearl Harbor).
Congressional Research Service. FBI Intelligence Reform Since September 11, 2001: Issues and Options for Congress. RL32336, August 4, 2004. A report on legislation leading up to the national intelligence reform bill.
Congressional Research Service. Initial Federal Budget Response to 1941 Attack on Pearl Harbor. RS21010, September 13, 2001. A brief description and summary of appropriations bills and testimony during legislative debate.
Department of State. Peace and War, United States Foreign Policy, 1931-1941. (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1943). Describes the policies and mind set used by the State Department when dealing with foreign countries.
Epstein, Edward. ?9/11 Probe Eerily Similar to Pearl Harbor Inquiry/ An Earlier Look Into How America Was Caught Napping,? San Francisco Chronicle. April 28, 2004. After both tragedies major bureaucratic changes were implemented, Defense Department in 1947 creation and the Department of Homeland Security in 2002.
Hart Commission, Joint Committee on the Investigation of the Pearl Harbor Attack. Pearl Harbor Attack. (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1944) 1-5560, February 12, - June 15, 1944. Original documents of statements and witness testimony before Senate and House joint hearings.
Henderson, Phillip G. ?Intelligence Failures of 9/11: What the Lessons of History Show,? The World and I. December Issue 2001. Describes the problems of misperception, ineffective coordination and bureaucratic infighting that contributed to the lapses in the intelligence munity while drawing on parallels with Pearl Harbor and the Cuban Missile Crisis.
National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States. The 9/11 Commission
Report. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 2004. A full and plete account of the activities surround and leading up to 9/11, including preparedness for and response to the attacks.
Podhoretz, John. ?No One Knew Enough,? New York Post. May 18, 2002. Parallels Pearl Harbor and 9/11 and the inability of government officials to collaborate separate intelligence agency information.
U.S. Congress Joint Committee on Pearl Harbor Attack; Hearings, Part 24, pp. 1749-56 (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1941). Original documents of statements and witness testimony before Senate and House joint hearings.
Roberts Commission, Joint Committee on the Investigation of the Pearl Harbor Attack. Attack Upon Pearl Harbor by Japanese Armed Forces. No. 159, S. Docs., 77-2, VOL. 8 - 8, (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1941). Original documents of statements and witness testimony before Senate and House joint hearings.
Safford, Captain Laurance F., U.S. National Archives. SRH?149, A Brief History of Communications Intelligence in the United States. (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1952). A declassified account about by a Navy captain brings diverse documents of cooperation and coordination to the forefront of the Pearl Harbor attacks.
Sisk, Richard. ?9/11 Furor Echoes ?41 Military Brass Targeted Over Pearl Harbor Hit,? Daily News Washington Bureau. May 19, 2002. Article tracing the warnings of imminent attack for both events.
Woodard, Calvin. ?Studying the Warning Signs Questions on 9/11 Strikingly Similar to Post-WWII Report,? The Associated Press. April 5, 2004. Outlines imaginative thinking, obvious clues, broken munications, and scattered intelligence as similar to both disastrous situations.
If you have any questions, PLEASE contact me at . I really need this to be good so I can use it as an amazing source for my actual final paper. Thank you.