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Fiscal Policy Essays and Research Papers

Instructions for Fiscal Policy College Essay Examples

Essay Instructions: Fiscal Policy: Government Expenditures and Revenues, Budget, National Debt
Macro-economic choices, particularly in the areas of fiscal policy, are not just about economics but about political philosophies, values and goals. This Case asks you to think about some of these dimensions.
The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) prepares reports for congress. It is a non-partisan office.
For this Case, please read "The Budget Outlook" section of the CBO's The Budget and Economic Outlook: Fiscal Years 2009 to 2019 normal;"
? http://www.cbo.gov/ftpdocs/99xx/doc9957/01-07-Outlook. pdf
The specific information you need for this case is on page 16 in Table 5. However, there is a great deal of interesting information in this document and I encourage you to look through it and see what it contains.
For question 4 you can access the proposals from the President's Commission on Deficit Reduction.
? http://moneywatch.bnet.com/economic-news/blog/daily-money/deficit-reduction-proposals-what-they-could-mean-for-you/156 7/
For the first two questions use the 2011 figures in the budget tables
1. What are the three major categories of revenues for the federal government? Please comment on each and indicate their relative importance to each other. Relative importance can be indicated by dollar amounts, percent of total revenue or expenditure or, though less informative, by ranking.
2. What are the three major categories of expenditures for the federal government? Please comment on each and indicate their relative importance to each other. Relative importance can be indicated by dollar amounts, percent of total revenue or expenditure, or, though less informative, by ranking.
3. Assume you are the Chief Economic Advisor to the President of the United States and the President has asked you to review the deficit reduction proposals that were submitted by his commission (see link above). Choose the two commission recommendations you agree with the most, and the two you disagree with the most, and write an explanation to the President explaining your 4 choices. Please be detailed rather than general in your recommendation.
4. All major economic indicators show the United States is recovering from the recession but that the process is not as strong as previous recoveries have been. If you were the President what would you do right now to help the economy recover so that the unemployment rate decreases faster than it has over the past two years? I would like specific suggestions or at least well defined generalities.
5. Below is a link to the concepts of aggregate demand (AD) and aggregate supply (AD). Use this information to answer parts A thru D on AD and AS (additional links to this area are in the bibliography section of the syllabus):
? http://economics.about.com/od/aggregatedemandsupply/ss/aggregate.htm
A. Describe the AD, AS equilibrium point.
B. Assume the federal government reduces its budget deficit by reducing spending, assume nothing else changes, what affect what affect would that have on the AD?
C. American consumers currently have a high, on average, level of credit card debt If consumers decided to reduce their spending on products and services and, instead, used that money to reduce their debt, what affect would this have on AD and AS?
D. When the federal government offered the "cash for clunkers" car program, how did this affect the AD and AS?
Case assignment expectations:
Use information from the modular background readings as well as any good quality resource you can find. Make sure you cite all resources you use and provide a reference list at the end of your paper.
LENGTH: 4 typed and double-spaced pages.
In addition to the overall quality, depth, grammar, and organization of the paper, the following will, in particular, be assessed:
1. Analytical skills that allow you to draw conclusions, questions 3,4 and 5 on federal budget projections.
2. Critical thinking skills, question 5, on formulating policy about budgetary matters.

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Essay Instructions: fiscal policies and monetary policies : current macroeconomic situation in the U.S



Key concepts to include: data trends on unemployment, inflation, GDP growth, expansionary fiscal policy tools, FOMC, easy money policy tools

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Essay Instructions: Fiscal Policy: Government Expenditures and Revenues, Budget, National Debt

Monetary and fiscal policies, and the trends in the economic environment over time, can have both subtle and major affects on almost all organizations. The purpose of this SLP assignment is to have you examine your organization (EA Electronic Arts) regarding how it is affected by these economic variables and policies.
You are to place yourself in the position of being a paid lobbyist for your organization. Pick two or three major fiscal or monetary policy initiatives you would lobby Congress about. However, this is not in general, this is for your organization, not for the economy as a whole, so make sure to take that specific focus. Again, if you're using an unconventional organization, you may have to get a little creative here.


1. As your organization's lobbyist, what would you like to see done by the Federal government that would be of help to your organization? This could be what the government could do or what they could stop doing. It can be all fiscal, all monetary, or a mix of each type of policy. As a lobbyist it is not your job to be concerned with the deficit, or the environment, or the general health of the financial system (unless, of course, you are lobbying for an environmental, financial, or deficit reduction group). Your answer to this question can give an interesting perspective as to how lobbying can distort economic policy and decisions. CAUTION: I am not looking for general comments that could apply to the country as a whole or any given organization, what I want is comments that are relevant specifically to your organization.


There are three articles below on the pros and cons of lobbying, feel free to google the subject to find more:

? http://www.idebate.org/debatabase/topic_details.php?topicID=654
? http://www.chiff.com/society/lobby.htm
? http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/09/13/obama-lobbying-idUSN0090913
2. The majority of lobbying efforts centers around fiscal policy so we will stick with that area. Please discuss your opinions on lobbying regarding if it is useful and should continue as is, if it should continue but with constraints to limit how much is done, or if it should be eliminated.
SLP assignment expectations:
Use information from the modular background readings as well as any good quality resource you can find. Make sure you cite all resources you use and provide a reference list at the end of your paper.
LENGTH: 2-3 typed and double-spaced pages.
In addition to the overall quality, depth, grammar, and organization of the paper, the following will, in particular, be assessed:
1.. Analytical ability in relating Federal policies to the specifics of your organization.
2. Your ability to relate Federal government activity to your specific organization.

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Essay Instructions: BUS305 - Competitive Analysis and Bus. Cycles
MODULE 4 - SLP
Monetary and Fiscal Policy

Effects of Fiscal Policy

Think about how fiscal policy can effect your firm. Please address the following questions in a 3-4 page essay:

1. Suppose the government imposes tax cuts for 95% of all households. How does this affect your firm?

2. In the past few years, the government has had an important role in "bailing out" certain industries. This is a type of government spending. How was your firm affected by the government bail out (it can be direct or indirect)?

3. In general, discuss some advantages and disadvantages of a government bail out by doing some of your own research.



SLP Assignment Expectations:

Use concepts from the modular background readings as well as any good quality resources you can find from the cyberlibrary or other internet search engines. Please be sure to cite all sources within the text and a reference list at the end of the paper.

Length: 3-4 pages double spaced and typed

The following items will be assessed in particular:

Your ability to understand an application of fiscal policy.

Some in-text references to the modular background readings (APA formatting not required).

The essay should address each element of the assignment. Remember to support your answers with solid references.



MODULAR BACKGROUND READINGS:

Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (2007). U.S. Monetary Policy: An Introduction, About the Fed, Retrieved from: http://frbsf.org/publications/federalreserve/monetary/index.html

The U.S. Government Printing Office Published a "A Citizen's Guide to The Federal Bugdet." While this is not available for more recent years, it has some useful information about the federal budget.

GPO Access: Citizen's Guide to the Federal Budget: Fiscal Year 2001. Retrieved February 17, 2011from: http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/docs/publications/usbcitizen/BUDGET-2001-CITIZENSGUIDE.pdf

For more recent data, the New York Times has an interactive on President Obama's 2011 Budget Proposal and includes information on the 2010 budget:

New York Times: Obama?s 2011 Budget Proposal: How It?s Spent. Retrieved on February 17, 2011 from: http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2010/02/01/us/budget.html

Another good reference with more recent data:

Center of Budget and Policy Priorities. Policy Basics: Where do Our Federal Tax dollars go? Retrieved February 17, 2011 from: http://www.cbpp.org/cms/index.cfm?fa=view&id=1258

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