Essay Instructions: ETHICS - NEED 10 FULL PAGES
The Question in this category focuses on the integration of ethical principles with professional practice in the student’s specialization. Students are expected to defend a personal philosophy of ethical practice using discipline-specific core values and/or essential principles and practices in their field. (organizational leadership)
WRITE A PAPER IN WHICH YOU DISCUSS HOW DOCTORAL RESEARCH, FROM LITERATURE REVIEW TO CONDUCTING RESEARCH, TO WRITING A DISSERTATION MANUSCRIPT SHOULD BE DONE WITH CARE AND INTEGRITY TO MEET THE ETHICAL STANDARDS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
Reference at least eight peer-reviewed articles. Explain specifically how scholars apply published ethical guidelines and concepts to research. Be sure to address the following:
• Plagiarism
• Risk assessment
• Informed consent
• Privacy and confidentiality
• Data handling and reporting
• Mistakes and negligence
• Working with a Mentor
• Northcentral University requirements for IRB approval
HEADINGS NEEDED IN PAPER
1. Ethical Research
2. Plagiarism
3. Informed Consent
4. Privacy and Confidentiality
5. Data Handling and Reporting
6. Mistakes and Negligence
7. Working with a Mentor
8. Northcentral University requirements for IRB approval
****IRB PROCESS INFORMATION ATTACHED----USE FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ---NO NEED TO CITE****
9. Conclusion
3:10 The Institutional Review Board (IRB) Process
Northcentral University is guided by the ethical principles regarding research involving human subjects as set forth in the report of the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects in Biomedical and Behavioral Research entitled the Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research. The procedures for the continuing review of all research activities involving human subjects are codified in NCU’s Federal Wide Assurance of Compliance with Department of Health and Human Service Regulations for the Protection of Human Research Subjects.
In accordance with federal regulations (Title 45, Part 46, Code of Federal Regulations) and NCU policy, all research involving human subjects or other living creatures that is conducted by Faculty Mentors, Faculty, Staff, and Learners, including unfunded as well as funded projects, must be reviewed and approved by an appropriately constituted IRB Committee before such investigations are undertaken. This includes not only all doctoral dissertations, but all other research projects.
The IRB application is available in the Dissertation Center. The Learner must download and complete the application. Once complete, the Learner will submit the completed application to the Dissertation Chair for review. Once approved by the Chair, the Chair will subsequently upload the completed application to the DTS for IRB review. Once approved, the Learner and Dissertation Chair will receive an electronic letter from the IRB Chair acknowledging the approval date.
The IRB Committee must approve all research involving human or animal subjects if the research is in any way is:
• Sponsored by NCU or at another institution, or to be used in a dissertation or other report sponsored by NCU (even if it has been reviewed by another institution, agency, or facility);
• Conducted by or under the direction of any employee or agent of NCU in connection with his or her University responsibilities (or conducted by or under the direction of any employee or agent of NCU using any property or facilities of NCU);
• Designed to involve the use of NCU’s non-public information to identify or contact human research participants or prospective participants.
The primary purpose of the IRB review is to protect from undue risk and ensure the safety, welfare, rights, and dignity of all research participants. The nature of the IRB review is determined by the type of research activity proposed. There are three types of research reviews: (a) exempt, (b) expedited, and (c) full. Federal regulations allow six specific categories of research with human subjects to be exempt from further review; this determination is made by NCU’s IRB Committee.
A secondary purpose of the IRB review is to assist investigators in conducting ethical research that complies with applicable regulations and standards. Learners under the guidance of their Faculty Mentors are expected to design and conduct investigations that comply not only with federal regulations, but also professional, ethical research standards in their field. Regardless of discipline, the primary ethical principles that must be considered in all research involving human subjects include:
• Ensuring the participation of human participants is voluntary, occurring as a result of free choice, without compulsion or obligation, based upon disclosure of relevant information in a clear, concise, understandable way;
• Protecting the participants from physical and mental discomfort, harm, or damage;
• Designing projects with the intent that the knowledge gained will benefit the participants and/or the larger community and outweigh any risk;
• Conducting research in a fair and equitable manner, so that selection of participants does not overburden, over utilize, unfairly favor, or discriminate against any participants population;
• Honoring commitments made to participants, contributors, or collaborators in a research project relative to its design and confidentiality of any information about subjects gathered during the investigation.
All Learners enrolled in the RSH sequence of courses will become thoroughly acquainted with ethical principles of research. Every Learner is required to submit an IRB application following approval of the Dissertation
Proposal and prior to any data collection.
IRB Issues to Consider:
• To reiterate, approval from NCU’s IRB Committee must be obtained before any data collection or project implementation activities begin. This includes pilot testing, preliminary interviews, initial subject recruiting, and the like. Failure to comply with this ruling may be cause for termination of a Learner’s status with NCU.
• The IRB Committee is generally able to approve unproblematic applications within 21 days of their submission. However, the IRB is entitled to, and has a responsibility to, return any application to the Learner with requirements for revision of the research design and resubmission. Thus, in instances where there are questions about the ethical or professional nature of the proposed research, the IRB process may take considerably longer.
• IRB approval is for a one calendar year. If data collection or project implementation takes longer than one year, the Learner is required to submit a request for an extension to the Northcentral University IRB Committee.
• If the procedure approved in the Dissertation Proposal is modified, a change request must be submitted to the IRB immediately and the IRB must approve the change prior to data being collected.
Please note that failure to observe these rules will usually result in termination of the Learner’s enrollment as a student at NCU.
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