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Essay Instructions: A Word of Art (Art works through history)

The discussion essay should be one page and convey the concepts of Continuity and/or Transformation in the specific art works discussed. The essay directions are noted after this discussion question:


?Raphael?s School of Athens is considered a high point of humanism. Discuss this work, and consider the elements of humanism that are present and fully expressed in this work..


?Once you have completed your posting, choose at least one other posting from another student and review and respond to his or her answer. Look first for postings that do not have any responses to them, and give first priority to those postings. In your review/response consider how your classmate has used the concepts of transformation and continuity, as well as other ideas and language that Soltes puts forth.

ESSAY: should be 4 pages long.
In an essay of approximately 1000 words (with a typical font and spacing, this will be approximately 4 pages), respond to the following question.

Three statues of David?those of Donatello, Verrocchio, and Michelangelo?symbolize various aspects of the Renaissance. Discuss these three separate works of art, and show the elements of continuity and transformation they exemplify and that define the various "Renaissances." Which is your favorite? Tell us why.

Do this using ONLY the examples that Soltes discusses and explains in his lectures. Do not use Internet sources for inspiration nor as help.
The sources to be used are Solte's lectures which are listed here on youtube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6C64HLK9jgM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=brhUet4gh2A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7CFwtM8fnz4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G7-XjNl3ezA

Essay Instructions: I NEED 200 WORD RESPONSE: PLEASE SEE QUESTION BELOW:

The three sculptures of DAVID by Michelangelo, Bernini, and Donatello all show very different renditions of the same subject. Each sculpture has a style and beauty all its own, and each shows the style and message of the artist.
It is clear the styles changed as these sculptures were created. Michelangelo's DAVID is classical Greek style, with fluid lines and a muscular body that is very pleasant to look at. Bernini's DAVID is a man, while Michelangelo's is clearly a young boy, and Donatello's looks like a dandy or a cavalier. Even his pose makes him look less manly than the other two sculptures, but does somehow manage to convey power, which is ultimately the goal of all the sculptures.
The message behind these sculptures is the same legend of David slaying Goliath, but they each convey that message very differently. Michelangelo's and Bernini's DAVID's both look like they could slay a giant, while Donatello's looks like the hand of God helped him along. All the statues convey power and force, either by weapons or the bodies of the men. He also has a helmet or hat to protect him, while the others do not need anything to protect them, it seems.
Bernini's culture is one of power and art combined, and it shows in this sculpture that is just ready to unleash the powerful shot that will bring down Goliath. Art has reached a new, high form, and so has understanding of the human form. This sculpture represents a high form of culture, and it does it powerfully and gracefully at the same time.
Each of the sculptors show their influences, their cultures, and their sentiments in these sculptures. Donatello's is romantic, Michelangelo's is heroic, and Bernini's is a combination of the two. They all indicate why artists choose to cover the same subject again. Each brings a different eye and model to the work, and so, even if one came before, theirs is new, fresh, and very different from the other.

References
Editors. "David." GalleriaBorghese.it. 2007. 5 Feb. 2007.
http://www.galleriaborghese.it/borghese/en/edavid.htm



QUESTION:
My question for the class is how does Julie's statement reflect key values of the Early Renaissance (Donatello), the High Renaissance (Michelangelo), and the Baroque (Bernini)? What does her post imply about the way Man views himself in relation to the world?

Essay Instructions: Question 1:

During the Renaissance and Baroque periods the type of patron diversified beyond the church to include private individuals, city governments, and corporate commissions, sponsored by entities such as the Wool Guild. These patrons that were outside of the church were essential to artists to ensure their financial livelihood. Often artists, like Michelangelo, were forced to take commissions and complete works that they did not want to undertake. In 3 well developed paragraphs, discuss:

a.Michelangelo?s version of David was a public monument commissioned by the Florentine city council. How do you see the context of a city government as patron influencing how Michelangelo visualized the biblical hero David?

b.The biblical hero David was a popular subject for sculpture and painting throughout the Renaissance and into the Baroque period. By studying, comparing, and contrasting sculptures of David created in the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth centuries, you can begin to see the stylistic changes that occurred across these centuries. In 3 well-developed paragraphs, compare and contrast the following 3 sculptures of David:

1.Early Renaissance: Donatello. David. 1430s.
2.High Renaissance: Michelangelo. David. 1504. (Note: Scroll down to image 20-10).
3.Baroque. Gian Lorenzo Bernini. David. 1624?1624.

In your comparison, discuss:
?What specific visual similarities do you observe in these three sculptures?
?What specific differences do you see?
?How has the attitude of David changed between these three representations of David?

Be sure to explain your ideas clearly and support them by discussing specific works of art that you have read about this week, talking about how they illustrate and support your ideas.

Question 2:

In Northern Europe, the group portrait was a popular genre of painting in the Dutch Republic, and Rembrandt was in high demand as a portraitist. In 3 well developed paragraphs, discuss:

a.How did Rembrandt revolutionize the group portrait? Examine his works The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp and The Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq (The Night Watch)?

b.Artists like Rembrandt and the other successful Dutch portrait artists laid the foundation for what today is seen as a proper or successful portrait. From the official portrait of Kate Middleton (2013) in England, to the portraits of US presidents, to those of CEOs in major corporations all owe a debt to the work of Rembrandt, Hals, and other seventeeth-century portrait painters. Locate 2 contemporary portraits and discuss the visual characteristics that are inspired by Rembrandt's style.

Be sure to explain your ideas clearly and support them by discussing specific works of art that you have read about this week, talking about how they illustrate and support your ideas.

Respond to both questions as thoroughly as possible, making sure to use information from the readings and the lectures. All responses should be in complete sentence form, using proper spelling and grammar.

This is just a discussion assignment. The Pictures are attached. Thank you.

Essay Instructions: With the “Basic History of Western Art “ by Janson & Janson (seventh edition) please answer the following questions (every question is approximately 1/3 -1/2 of page):

Chapter 12
a) Why is the DAVID by Donatello an important landmark sculpture in the presentation of the figure? What characteristics does it get from the ancient Greek? Why is DAVID a symbol for Florence and for the Cristian faithful?
b) List some innovations made in this first period of Renaissance art?

Chapter 13
What was Michelangelo’s primary focus with regard to subject matter? What were his major influences? Identify some of his major works that show this focus.

Chapter 14
a) What is MANNERISM (define and describe its characteristics) and how/where does
it show up in the art of the period?
b) How and why did art in Venice develop so differently than art in Florence or Rome?

Chapter 15
a) How did 15th century Northern Flemish painting differ from the art of Italy in the 1400’s? List specific differences/key features.
b) How did the Gutenberg’s printing press transform Europe? What were the social and political implications of printmaking?

Chapter 16
a) What impact did the Reformation have on the arts in Germany? Refer in your discussion to Luther’s objections to art.
b) What shaped and inspired the art works of Albrecht Durer? (consider artistic influences, media he worked in, religious beliefs, audience, and patrons)

Chapter 19
a) How does the design of Versailles and the Louvre reflect the idea of the French king’s divine right absolute rule?
b) What was the function of the Royal Academy, and how did it impact French artists?

Chapter 20
List the characteristics of Rococo art. Who were the various intended audiences of the style in France and England?

Chapter 21
What caused an interest once again in classical antiquity and how did it impact the arts?

Chapter 22
a) How did Napoleon use Romanticism to promote his imperial aims?
b) How does Gericault’s “The Raft of the Medusa” illustrate the Romantic style in painting?
c) How does the work of the artist Ingres illustrate both Neoclassic and Romantic aspects? Refer to specific paintings.

Chapter 23
Describe impressionism in terms of style, subject matter, and influences.

Chapter 24
a) How was photography continuing to affect artistic expression?
b) Describe the different approaches Post-Impressionist painters took remed the limitations they found in impressionism.

Chapter 25
a) Describe Cubism. How did it come into being, how did it evolve, and what impact did have on other movement?
b) Do you agree with Duchamp’s assertion that anything is art that is declared art? What impact did it have on art?

Chapter 26
a) Which important historical events were shaping the art between 1914 and 1940? Which art movements reflected these social and political realities? How?
b) What is Surrealism?

Chapter 27
a) What did Modernism emphasize in its expression? (message, materials, stylistic features, etc,)
b) What did Lichtenstein and Warhal do for the direction of art? How were they similar? How were they different?