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Essay Instructions: Using exclusively your Cunningham & Reich text, the section three lecture and the two links/URLs below, your first essay will focus on similarities as well as differences between the Byzantine Empire and the early empires of Islam (Umayyads and Abbasids). First, discuss the various expressions of Christianity during the Byzantium period. As an example, referring to the Metropolitan Museum link (metmuseum.org) discuss the differences as well as the similarities between Orthodox, Syriac and Coptic Christianity. Also, what is notable of Judaism at this time in history according to the Museum? According to the Museum link and your text, what was the importance of pilgrimage at this time? What was the Iconoclastic controversy? What was Islam?s position on the use of images in religious devotion? Did Islam use images of the Prophet Muhammad and/or other prophets when decorating the Qur?an or mosques? Why or Why not? What commonalities link Judaism, Christianity and Islam? What do you think of the five pillars of Islamic faith? To what extent are they similar to basic religious beliefs and practices of Judaism and Christianity? Through the ages, do you find any positive and/or negative consequences of their differences? Finally, select one of the art objects found in either your text or the Metropolitan Museum weblink below and provide details on the work. Why did you select the piece?



PLEASE NOTE: YOU MUST USE MLA ACADEMIC WRITING FORMAT. YOU MUST DEMONSTRATE YOU HAVE READ ALL ASSIGNED MATERIAL AND YOU MUST FOLLOW THE GUIDELINES AND CRITERIA ESTABLISHED.



http://www.metmuseum.org/exhibitions/listings/2012/byzantium-and-islam



http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/16/arts/design/byzantium-and-islam-age-of-transition-at-the-met.html?_r=0

Essay Instructions: Thesis - Migration, the movement of people, ideas and goods from place to place increased trade causing interdependence among the people of the Judeo-Christian civilization.

1. Migration and trade in the Kingdom of Israel

2. How the movement of ideas, goods and people affect the culture of -
a. Holy Roman Empire
b. Byzantine Empire
c. Kingdom of Israel

3. How the growth of global trade led to increase interdependence.

Essay Instructions: THE ESSAY MUST ANSWER THE QUESTION

What social effects did the Early Arab Conquests towards Byzantine (632-750) has on Byzantine and Arab society?

THE QUESTIONS ONLY NEEDS TO FOCUS EARLY ARAB CONQUESTS BETWEEN 632 TO 750 AND THE QUESTION MUST ONLY FOCUS ON THE INTERACTION WITH BYZANTINE EMPIRE. THE ESSAY NEED TO ANSWER THE SOCIAL, CULTURAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THESE TWO GROUPS AND HOW DID THEY CHANGE AFTER THESE INTERACTIONS. IT MUST ANSWER BOTH BYZANTINE AND ARAB PERSPECTIVE. IT MUST BE BETWEEN THE DATES 632-750.

FOLLOWING ARE THE CRITERIAS


An essay should fulfill the following criteria:
CONTENT
The essay (a) has a clearly defined thesis statement, (b) is original and goes beyond class discussion, (c) uses a number of relevant secondary texts (d) uses primary sources read in class where appropriate.
REASONING, ORGANIZATION, & DEVELOPMENT
The essay (a) is coherently and consistently argued, (b) has well developed paragraphs arguing one idea well substantiated with appropriate evidence and contributing to the proposed thesis, (c) displays consistency between the thesis statement and the conclusion, and (d) shows evidence of classifying, identifying and arranging information in logical order.
LANGUAGE, FORM, AND STYLE
The essay (a) is written in clear, direct, lucid formal language, (b) is written in grammatical sentences with correct spelling and punctuation, and (c) uses a coherent system of references.
CRITICAL THINKING
The essay (a) shows that the student draws reasonable inferences from secondary texts and (where appropriate) primary sources, (b) synthesises and integrates information and ideas into the argumentation of the thesis statement well, (c) displays evidence of creative and independent thinking, and (d) presents an autonomous interpretation of the texts read and is not a mere rehashing of information.

Essay Instructions: i have 4 topics that need to have essays..the same writer is preferred. each essay can be 2 pages in length. these are essays, not a formal research paper.. 1. compare and contrast the early development of mesopotamian civilization (ancient iraq) with ancient egypt. include discussion of the reigns of hammurabi and akhenaten. 2. elaborate on democracy in athens, as described by pericles, with rome as a republic. 3. describe the roman empire from its orgins to the sacking of rome, include comments by the historian livy. 4. assess the importance of the byzantine empire, its relationshipwith the orthodox church, the rise of islam and the demise of the eastern roman empire.