Different Influence on the Culture of the Dominican Republic Term Paper

Dominican Republic is an island nation of rich culture and lasting tradition, located in the Caribbean Sea. Winning its status as an independent republic in 1844, the republic is best known for its beaches, resorts, and unique history (Brown, 1999). However, it is perhaps the unique blend of cultural influences from around the world that make this beautiful island the fascinating area it is today. Its influences, stemming from African, Taino, Spanish, and English origin, combine to create an experience more unique than those found almost anywhere in the world.

Of these influences, the Taino Indian culture is the first that can be noted in almost all areas of life in the Dominican Republic. The Tainos inhabited the island from before 11 A.D. through the colonization of the island by Columbus and the Spanish in 1492 (Brown, 1999). From the agricultural practices and foods to the religion and art, the impact of the early Taino Indians is clear.

Agriculturally, the Taino Indians established a system for preserving meat by salting and barbecuing the food (Brown, 1999). Today, the barbecued meats of the Dominican Republic are a mainstay of the culture, heralded the world round as some of the most unique cuisine. In addition, the Tainos introduced the use of the yucca plant as a basis for cassava bread, a type of bread found only in the Dominican. In addition to being a staple of the food culture of the area, it is believed that the Taino's refusal to bake this bread for the coming Spaniards of the late 1400's eventually caused their own demise (Brown, 1999). The Tainos also introduced tobacco to the area.

Artistically, the Taino influence continues to surface, and in some cases, even resurface in today's more blended cultural system of the Dominican Republic.Numerous samples of Taino art have been recovered through archeological excavation, comprising of stone-carved figurines, baskets, and woodcarvings. These findings have resulted in numerous reproductions of the early artworks, and today are often found in a number of forms, including wood, plastic, stone, and glass. In the mid-1990's, musicians began to compose songs mimicking the music of the Indians, and thus brought back the arito, a traditional Taino ritual dance (Brown, 1999).

Religiously, the Taino influence is more subtle, yet still present. The Taino's belief system consisted of the luases, which consist of the powers of fire, water, earth, and wind. While current religions in the Dominican are primarily of Catholic or voodoo decent, the influence of the luases presents its self in both religions extensively (Brown, 1999).

Influences of African cultures are also present in the Dominican Republic. In the 1993 census, many Dominicans reported themselves as having African decent, clearly showing the influence of early Spanish slaves on the previous Indian population of the area (Kryzanek, 1992). Perhaps the most dominant example of the African influence is the rate of polygamy and matriarchy. In the more remote regions of the island, away from the tourist areas, many families are dominated by the female presence. An equal number of households closer to the center of the island practice polygamy (Brown, 1999).

Agriculturally, another mainstay of current Dominican Republic cuisine is the vegetable known as the plantain. Originating in Africa, the plantain is often used today in the toston, eaten daily in many areas. The toston consists of a mixture of meat, boiled plantain, and spices, wrapped in banana leaves. Further agricultural influences are seen in the guandul, a form of lima bean, the yam, watermelon,….....