HIV & Holistic Medicine: The Thesis

They are also associated with drug abuse and addiction, which can increase HIV risk through needle sharing and through decreasing the likelihood that safer-sex practices (such as condom use) will be used." (A Positive Life Aids Service Organizations, 2009)

VII. Management

The individual who is newly diagnosed with HIV infection should provide a history that is complete followed by a physical examination to check for clinical manifestations of the disease. It is critical to determine CD5 cell counts and plasma HIV-1-RNA levels for the purpose of establishment of the prognosis and informing the decision whether to begin antiretroviral therapy. The treatment regimen consists of combination antiretroviral therapy. The initial emphasis in newly HIV-diagnose patients should be "on counseling with regard to the disease process, limiting the risk of secondary transmission, ensuring that there is proper support for the patient, and building a trusting relationship between the patient and the caregiver." (Hammer, 2005)

VIII. Primary Level -- Prevention and Screening

IX. Secondary Level -- Acute Care

X. Tertiary Level -- Chronic Care or Rehabilitation

XI.Summary

Bibliography

Holzemer, WL (1999) Validation of the Sign and Symptom Check-List for Persons with HIV Disease (SSC-HIV) J. Adv. Nurs 1999 Nov; 30(5):1041-9. Online available at:

Schneider, E.; Glynn, MK; Kajese, T.; and McKenna, MR (2006) Epidemiology of HIV / AIDS -- United States, 1981 -- 2005. Online available at: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5521a2.htm

Hosein, SR (1998) Vitamin E Deficiency in Early HIV Infection. Treatment Update #87 Vol. 10, No. 3. Online available at: http://www.aegis.com/pubs/catie/1998/cate8706.html

Osmond, Dennis H. (1998) Epidemiology of Disease Progression in HIV. InSite Knowledge Base Chapter May 1998. Online available at: http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/InSite?page=kb-03-01-04

Psychological Risk Factors for HIV (2009) A Positive Life Aids Service Organizations. Online available at: http://www.apositivelife.com/forasos/psychological-risk-factors-for-hiv.html

At Risk Groups -- Women and Youth….....