Arnold, T., & Shelbourne, K. Annotated Bibliography

. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 35(3), 384-394.

2 groups of 70 patients with patellar tendon and hamstring tendon autografts were assessed 2 years following surgery. No significant differences were noted in terms of activity, although more patients in the PT group experienced pain and loss of motion for a longer span of time than did patients in the hamstring tendon group. On the whole, patients with hamstring tendon grafts performed similarly to patients with patellar tendon grafts although more beneficial results seemed to incline towards the groups that had experienced hamstring tendon graft replacements.

Monaco, E., Labianca, L., Conteduca, F., De Carli, a., & Ferretti, a. (2007). Double bundle or single bundle plus extraarticular tenodesis in acl reconstruction?: a caos study. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 15(10), 1168-1174.

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect on the internal rotation of the tibia of lateral reconstruction in addition to a standard single bundle ACL reconstruction as compared to the imposition of an anatomic double bundle ACL reconstruction. Computer assisted ACL reconstruction was used. 2 groups of patients gathered from 20 consecutive ACL reconstruction procedures were studied. Group a: standard single bundle ACL reconstruction with doubled gracilis and semitendinosus tendons graft with an arthroscopically assisted two incisions technique and a lateral extraarticular reconstruction; Group B: double bundle ACL reconstruction with doubled gracilis and semitendinosus tendons graft with an arthroscopically assisted two incisions technique. Researchers found slight differences in internal and external rotation of tibia in both groups and recommended the supplementation of a lateral extraarticular reconstruction to a standard single bundle ACL reconstruction with hamstrings tendons graft in an "in vivo" reconstruction as compared to a standard single bundle ACL reconstruction.

Ostrowski, J.A. (2006). Accuracy of 3 diagnostic tests for anterior cruciate ligament tears. Journal of Athletic Training, 41(1), 120-121.

Research here was to determine which diagnostic test should be used in patients presenting possible tear of ACL in order to provide the most accurate diagnosis.A thorough literature search was conducted with the methodological quality of each test assessed and recorded on a checklist used for screening diagnostic tests. The three most commonly validated tests were the pivot shift test, the anterior drawer test, and the Lachman test with the pivot shift test being the preferred test for use in concluding existence of an ACL rupture, whereas the Lachtman test would be best for ruling out possibility of ACL rupture, whilst the anterior drawer test seems to provide inconclusive evidence either way.

Sakane, M., Livesay, G., Fox, R., Rudy, T., Runco, T., & Woo. S. (1999). Relative contribution of the acl, mcl, and bony contact to the anterior stability of the knee. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 7(2), 93-97.

This technical study was intended to measure the in situ force applied to the ACL during load and injury. The medial collateral ligament (MCL), anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterolateral structures (PLS), and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) were measured in response to 110 N. anterior tibial loading. Changes in knee kinematics associated with ACL deficiency and combined MCL and ACL deficiency were also evaluated. Findings demonstrated that impact is equally shared between the various bone ligaments and anterior bones during tibial loading of the knee leading researchers to conclude that the MCL and osteochondral surfaces may also be at significant risk during ACL injury.

Smith, F., Rosenlund, E., Aune, a., MacLean, J., & Hillis, S. (2004). Subjective functional assessments and the return to competitive sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. . British Journal of Sports Medicine, 38(3), 279-284.

The objective was to examine return to competitive sport and general recuperation of ligaments within 12 months of ACL reconstruction. A postal questionnaire 43 months after surgery was mailed to 109 selected athlete patients, 77 of whom responded. The Cincinnati sports activity scale (CSAS) and Cincinnati sports function scales were used as instruments......