Animal Tissue DNA Lab Report

Chromatin Lab Report

The use of DNA in today's world is very obvious, and the ability of the researcher and scientist to successfully manipulate this source of information to contribute to learning and understanding is great and powerful. DNA is found amongst chromatin which is found in certain types of fatty cells. Chromatin is key to the design of cells as it provides blueprints on how individual cells can be constructed. Since the packing structure of DNA is very dense this chemical reaction provides an understanding of how cellular relationships unfold and manifest.

DNA must be removed from the Chromatin which is stored as nucleosomes as the DNA strands wrap around these cellular structures. Saline provides an excellent solution to help separate these bonds and provide the isolating power to extract DNA for further examination. To salinize the targeted substance a constant and increasing amount of saline solution is added to the tissue and is further isolated by centrifuge and other mechanical stirring methods. Once the saline solution has done its job by reducing the strength of the chemical bonds between the protein and the DNA, the DNA can be more readily isolated by adding ethanol to the mixture, which is very highly soluble and allows the DNA to readily precipitate and become ready for extraction.

It is useful to look at animal and plant cells to truly gain a better understanding of how this process works and can be performed successfully.There are different steps to take when extracting this information from plant cells and this method will be examined as well to examine the amount and types of genetic material that are present in these types of organisms.

Methods

To accomplish this task, 50 grams of fresh calf liver was taken as the targeted sample to extract DNA using the aforementioned techniques. 250 ml of EDTA-saline was added to this tissue sample to begin the process and was summarily mixed in a blender. This mixture after a brief waiting time was filtered through cheesecloth and then distributed in 7-50 ml plastic centrifuge tubes. These tubes were spun in the centrifuge for 15 min and 2000 rpm and the supernatant was thrown out and new EDTA saline was added to repeat the salinization process. The tubes were then centrifuged for 15 minutes at 2,000 rpm and the resulting supernatant was discarded and replaced with an equal volume of EDTA-saline. The pellet was manipulated by gentle stirring and a brief 5-second vortex, and then centrifuged again for 15 minutes at 2,000 rpm. The supernatant was once again discarded, replaced with 40 mL of 2.6 M. NaCl, and the solution was gently stirred. The solution was then decanted into an Erlenmeyer flask, covered with Parafilm, and shaken at room temperature at the highest speed for ten minutes. After shaking, the solution was added to a 50 mL plastic centrifuge tube.....