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¶ … humans have been experimenting with and fascinated by the various states of consciousness. It is common knowledge that man regularly moves through these different states of being. Equally known is the ability to intentionally change one's experiential level. Such is man's attraction to altered consciousness that some religions, chiefly Eastern ones, have incorporated into their repertoires philosophies of and activities towards attention manipulation. Science, particularly biopsychology, has also recognized the value of managing consciousness. Biofeedback, meditation, and sleep are examples of the relationship between attention and one's state of being.
Biofeedback involves electrically monitoring involuntary responses to stimuli. In other words, one's heartbeat, muscle tension, and brain wave activity are recorded while specific conditions occur. By analyzing and correlating this data to an individual's physiological dysfunctions, professionals are able to prescribe explicit and effective therapies. The belief guiding biofeedback...
Naturally this involves directing one's attention. More precisely, it requires an acute awareness of one's bodily experiences. It is not surprising that treatment revolves around training patients to first focus their attention on physiological responses and then to modify them. The result is considerable control over physical reactions and the skills to eliminate disruptive conditions.
Although attending to distinct phenomena than those found in biofeedback therapy, meditation nevertheless affords another illustration of the bi-directional nature of attention and consciousness. Primarily a spiritual practice, meditation aims to bring an individual into a peaceful state of being by blocking out many, if not all, external stimuli. Said differently, during meditation fixation on one sound, motion, sensation, or idea allows an individual to quiet all other operations, be they physical, emotional, or…
References
Morris, Charles G. & Maisto, Albert A. (2002). Psychology: An Introduction. Prentice Hall:
New Jersey.
Human Experimentation The Stanford Prison Experiment The concept of a human's dual nature and the presence of a darker side of morality has always been a fascinating study throughout history. While Robert Louis Stevenson attributes this Jekyll-Hyde phenomenon to a more repressed desire within the minds of the people, Philip G. Zimbardo takes it to a further step. Both talk about the evils within a person that comes out via prompting (for
Human Nature A Comparison of Hobbes' and Plato's Philosophical Views Trying to understand how a philosopher arrives at the reasoned opinions they put on paper is essential to also understanding what they wrote. The how is often a matter of the people they have borrowed from, but that can be an unreliable method of determining the origins of their philosophy also. Two in particular are difficult to judge using the influences they
It is only a drop in the bucket of the currently available knowledge on neural differentiation, however. According to Human Embryonic Stem Cells: A Practical Handbook, there are seventeen acknowledge and reviewed methodologies for differentiating human embryonic stem cells into neural cells (Walsh, 2008). The incompleteness and erros of this same book, however, reflect the dearth of research into the area of human embryonic stem cell research (Walsh, 2008).
Also, the different moral patterns of between the genders, as analyzed by Gillian, remains controversial, as the inherently 'separate' moral system of men and women (to say nothing of psychologist's ability to define what constitutes adult morality at all) is part of the raging debate on how to create truly fair, gender-neutral tests and classroom environments. In terms of usefulness on a personal level, the different ways of dealing
Social Psychology Studies: Explaining Irrational Individual Behavior by Understanding Group Dynamics Social psychology is, as its name suggests, a science that blends the fields of psychology, which is the study of the individual, and sociology, which is the study of groups. Social psychology examines how the individual is influenced by the group. It looks at the influence of group or cultural norms on individual behaviors, thoughts, and feelings. However, because group
Stanford Prison experiment was to examine the psychological and sociological effects of incarceration. In particular, researchers set out to examine how prisoners reacted to being bereft of power. Ultimately the experiment illustrated not just how prisoners reacted to being powerless, but also how simulated guards reacted to being bestowed with nearly unlimited power over others. The experiment was therefore exploratory in nature. Shuttleworth (2008) claims that the researcher Zimbardo